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Lira-Diaz et al. Emerging roles of microglia cells

and the rostral migratory stream (RMS) of CX3CR1- Thus, further studies are needed for clarifying the
enhanced green fluorescent protein mice, which have molecular events implied in the neurogenic process
a locus of the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 replaced and determining its clinical relevance.
by the gene encoding green fluorescent protein.
They found a subpopulation of microglia (V-SVZ/ Financial support and sponsorship
RMS microglia) that displayed distinct morphologies OGP was financed by grants from Consejo Nacional
depending on the zone where they reside. The authors de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT-2015-01-465) and
observed that some cells of this V-SVZ/RMS microglia ELD by CONACyT’s Fellowhip grant (No. 736004).
presented an alternatively activated macrophage
phenotype and released IL-4 and IL-10 cytokines Conflicts of interest
via signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 There are no conflicts of interest.
phosphorylation.
Patient consent
The authors suggested that the differences in No patient involved.
morphologies respect other brain areas may be
due to a lower expression of purinergic receptors Ethics approval
P2RY12, P2RY6, and P2RY1. Purinergic receptors This article does not contain any studies with human
use ATP for their activation and appear to regulate participants or animals.
the processes and phagocytosis in microglial cells at
non-neurogenic regions. In their study, Xavier et al. REFERENCES
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206 Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation ¦ Volume 3 ¦ September 26, 2016