Page 24 - Read Online

Fowler et al. Hepatoma Res 2020;6:19 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-5079.2020.21 Page 9 of 10

Copyright
© The Author(s) 2020.

REFERENCES
1. El-Serag HB, Engels EA, Landgren O, Chiao E, Henderson L, et al. Risk of hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers after hepatitis C virus
infection: a population-based study of U.S. veterans. Hepatology 2009;49:116-23.
2. Yamamoto S, Kubo S, Hai S, Uenishi T, Yamamoto T, et al. Hepatitis C virus infection as a likely etiology of intrahepatic
cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Sci 2004;95:592-5.
3. Chernyak V, Fowler KJ, Kamaya A, Kielar AZ, Elsayes KM, et al. Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) Version 2018:
imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma in at-risk patients. Radiology 2018;289:816-30.
4. Fraum TJ, Tsai R, Rohe E, Ludwig DR, Salter A, et al. Differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma from other hepatic malignancies in
patients at risk: diagnostic performance of the liver imaging reporting and data system version 2014. Radiology 2018;286:158-72.
5. Tang A, Bashir MR, Corwin MT, Cruite I, Dietrich CF, et al. Evidence supporting LI-RADS major features for CT- and MR imaging-
based diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review. Radiology 2018;286:29-48.
6. Kang Y, Lee JM, Kim SH, Han JK, Choi BI. Intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma: enhancement patterns on gadoxetic acid-
enhanced MR images. Radiology 2012;264:751-60.
7. Peporte AR, Sommer WH, Nikolaou K, Reiser MF, Zech CJ. Imaging features of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in Gd-EOB-DTPA-
enhanced MRI. Eur J Radiol 2013;82:e101-6.
8. Hwang J, Kim YK, Park MJ, Lee MH, Kim SH, et al. Differentiating combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma from mass-
forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012;36:881-9.
9. Chong YS, Kim YK, Lee MW, Kim SH, Lee WJ, et al. Differentiating mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma from atypical
hepatocellular carcinoma using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI. Clin Radiol 2012;67:766-73.
10. Park HJ, Kim YK, Park MJ, Lee WJ. Small intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma: target sign on diffusion-weighted imaging for
differentiation from hepatocellular carcinoma. Abdom Imaging 2013;38:793-801.
11. Rimola J, Forner A, Reig M, Vilana R, de Lope CR, et al. Cholangiocarcinoma in cirrhosis: absence of contrast washout in delayed phases
by magnetic resonance imaging avoids misdiagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2009;50:791-8.
12. Kim SJ, Lee JM, Han JK, Kim KH, Lee JY, et al. Peripheral mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma in cirrhotic liver. AJR Am J Roentgenol
2007;189:1428-34.
13. Nakanuma Y, Komuta M, Zen Y. WHO Classification of tumors. Digestive System Tumors. 5th ed. Lyon (France): International Agency
for Research on Cancer; 2019.
14. Fraum TJ, Cannella R, Ludwig DR, Tsai R, Naeem M, et al. Assessment of primary liver carcinomas other than hepatocellular carcinoma
(HCC) with LI-RADS v2018: comparison of the LI-RADS target population to patients without LI-RADS-defined HCC risk factors. Eur
Radiol 2020;30:996-1007.
15. Fowler KJ, Potretzke TA, Hope TA, Costa EA, Wilson SR. LI-RADS M (LR-M): definite or probable malignancy, not specific for
hepatocellular carcinoma. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018;43:149-57.
16. Horvat N, Nikolovski I, Long N, Gerst S, Zheng J, et al. Imaging features of hepatocellular carcinoma compared to intrahepatic
cholangiocarcinoma and combined tumor on MRI using liver imaging and data system (LI-RADS) version 2014. Abdom Radiol (NY)
2018;43:169-78.
17. Ludwig DR, Fraum TJ, Cannella R, Ballard DH, Tsai R, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) versus non-HCC: accuracy and reliability
of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System v2018. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019;44:2116-32.
18. Shao S, Liang Y, Kuang S, Chen J, Shan Q, et al. Diagnostic performance of LI-RADS version 2018 in differentiating hepatocellular
carcinoma from other hepatic malignancies in patients with hepatitis B virus infection. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2020; Epub ahead of print.
doi: 10.17305/bjbms.2019.4576.
19. Lee HS, Kim MJ, An C. How to utilize LR-M features of the LI-RADS to improve the diagnosis of combined hepatocellular-
cholangiocarcinoma on gadoxetate-enhanced MRI? Eur Radiol 2019;29:2408-16.
20. van der Pol CB, Lim CS, Sirlin CB, McGrath TA, Salameh JP, et al. Accuracy of the liver imaging reporting and data system in
computed tomography and magnetic resonance image analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma or overall malignancy-a systematic review.
Gastroenterology 2019;156:976-86.
21. Park YS, Lee CH, Kim BH, Lee J, Choi JW, et al. Using Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced 3-T MRI for the differentiation of infiltrative
hepatocellular carcinoma and focal confluent fibrosis in liver cirrhosis. Magn Reson Imaging 2013;31:1137-42.
22. Lim S, Kim YK, Park HJ, Lee WJ, Choi D, et al. Infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma on gadoxetic acid-enhanced and diffusion-weighted
MRI at 3.0T. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014;39:1238-45.
23. Choi SY, Kim YK, Min JH, Kang TW, Jeong WK, et al. Added value of ancillary imaging features for differentiating scirrhous
hepatocellular carcinoma from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging. Eur Radiol 2018;28:2549-60.
24. Seo N, Kim MJ, Rhee H. Hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma: magnetic resonance imaging evaluation by using the liver imaging reporting
and data system. Eur Radiol 2019;29:3761-71.
25. Choi SH, Lee SS, Park SH, Kim KM, Yu E, et al. LI-RADS Classification and prognosis of primary liver cancers at gadoxetic acid-
enhanced MRI. Radiology 2019;290:388-97.
26. Vilana R, Forner A, Bianchi L, Garcia-Criado A, Rimola J, et al. Intrahepatic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma in cirrhosis patients may