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Shipitsyn et al. Energy Mater 2023;3:300038 Energy Materials
DOI: 10.20517/energymater.2023.22

Review Open Access

Fundamentals and perspectives of electrolyte

additives for non-aqueous Na-ion batteries

3,#
3
Vadim Shipitsyn 1,2,# , Nicholas Antrasian , Vijayendra Soni , Linqin Mu 3,* , Lin Ma 1,2,*
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC
28223, USA.
2
Battery Complexity, Autonomous Vehicle and Electrification (BATT CAVE) Research Center, The University of North Carolina
at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
3
School of Engineering for Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.
#
These authors contributed equally.
* Correspondence to: Prof. Linqin Mu, School of Engineering for Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, 336E
Orange St, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA. E-mail: linqinmu@asu.edu; Prof. Lin Ma, Department of Mechanical Engineering and
Engineering Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA. E-mail:
l.ma@charlotte.edu
How to cite this article: Shipitsyn V, Antrasian N, Soni V, Mu L, Ma L. Fundamentals and perspectives of electrolyte additives for
non-aqueous Na-ion batteries. Energy Mater 2023;3:300038. https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/energymater.2023.22

Received: 4 Apr 2023 First Decision: 28 Apr 2023 Revised: 11 Jun 2023 Accepted: 25 Jun 2023 Published: 1 Sep 2023

Academic Editors: Elie Paillard, Yuping Wu Copy Editor: Pei-Yun Wang Production Editor: Pei-Yun Wang

Abstract
Despite extensive research efforts to develop non-aqueous sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) as alternatives to lithium-
based energy storage battery systems, their performance is still hindered by electrode-electrolyte side reactions.
As a feasible strategy, the engineering of electrolyte additives has been regarded as one of the effective ways to
address these critical problems. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent progress in
electrolyte additives for non-aqueous SIBs. We classify the additives based on their effects on specific electrode
materials and discuss the functions and mechanisms of each additive category. Finally, we propose future
directions for electrolyte additive research, including studies on additives for improving cell performance under
extreme conditions, optimizing electrolyte additive combinations, understanding the effect of additives on cathode-
anode interactions, and understanding the characteristics of electrolyte additives.

Keywords: Non-aqueous Na-ion batteries, electrolyte additives, solid electrolyte interphase, cathode electrolyte
interphase, cell lifetime

© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, sharing,
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