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Page 20 of 33 Mao et al. Chem Synth 2023;3:26 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/cs.2022.41

Figure 12. (A) Schematic representation of the synthesis of CP nanodots and their use of H O self-supplying CDT [152] , Copyright ©
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American Chemical Society 2019; (B) Schematic representation of the synthesis process of CuCo NS and the therapeutic mechanism of
mutually enhancing PTT-CDT [174] , Copyright © Elsevier B.V. 2022; (C) Schematic illustration of CuS@COFs-BSA-FA/DOX preparation
and the mechanisms of intracellular CDT action [175] , Copyright © Elsevier B.V. 2022. CDT: chemodynamic therapy; CP: copper peroxide;
FA: folic acid; HSP: heat shock protein; LPO: lipid peroxide; PTT: photothermal therapy.
Photodynamic therapy
The pattern of nanomaterials for photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted much attention regarding their
therapeutic effects. Previous research demonstrated that CuS NCs modified with the progressive chlorine e6
(Ce6) named CuS-Ce6 processed capabilities as a multi-model agent for PTT and PDT . Under the 670
[176]
nm laser irradiation, CuS-Ce6 showed high PDT effects through singlet oxygen generation and thermal
ablation with 808 nm laser irradiation, as shown in Figure 13A. In a separate report, Han et al. showed
[177]
that the cavitated CuS nanoparticles, modified with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and folic acid complex
and loaded with ICG, named CuS-BSA-FA, as shown in Figure 13B. PDT and PTT were combined to
provide a conjunct therapy that exhibited a perfect PTT heating effect, generation of O , and laser
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irradiation significantly effective compared to other nanocarriers . Liu et al. proposed DSF-loaded hollow
[178]
CuS nanoparticles named DSF@PEG-HCuSNPs with the NIR-II region induced and the PTT effect
enhanced. The DSF-initiated cancer chemotherapy had been explored as a means to achieve TME that
could activate the formation of cytotoxic Cu(DTC) in situ ; this was shown in Figure 13C, where Cu
2+
[179]
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and DSF drug molecules could be rapidly released and degraded in an acidic microenvironment with high
PTT-conversion efficiency (23.8 %) near the NIR-II bio-window. Chen et al. successfully developed a