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Mao et al. Chem Synth 2023;3:26 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/cs.2022.41 Page 25 of 33

Figure 16. Photothermal enhanced chemotherapy: (A) The synthetic protocol of the Cu S @mSiO -PEG [150] ; (B) Illustration of the tumor-
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specific in situ transition chelating reaction and augmentation generated by photothermal effect under NIR laser irradiation; (C) Chemo-
photothermal synergistic therapy: Schematic Illustration of Fabrication and Bioapplication of CFPP NPs and (D) and (E) Photothermal
images (F) PAI of CFPP NPs at different times after intravenous injection; (G) MRI of CFPP NPs. (H) MRI in vivo (I) PAI of CFPP NPs at
different concertation of CFPP and (J) PAI in vivo [138] . (A)-(B): Copyright © Wiley-VCH 2013; (C)-(J): Copyright © American Chemical
Society 2022. MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; PAI: photoacoustic imaging.

delayed by the combination of RT/PTT .
[151]
CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK
This review briefly concluded the structure and synthesis strategy for copper chalcogenide compounds. In
addition, the theoretical method for the plasmonic copper-based doped NCs is discussed. And we also
present the wildly reported heavy doping strategies for the formation of plasmonic colloidal copper
chalcogenides NCs, including (1) electronic doping; (2) photo doping; (3) morphology, and surface ligands
effects; and (4) hybrid structure. As discussed above, the LSPR feature was determined by the free carrier
density. On the one hand, we can tune the distribution of carriers (including their shapes, sizes, and surface
properties); on the other hand, we can manipulate the density of the free charge carriers (such as light or
electrochemical doping strategy). Finally, we introduce devious applications, including bioimaging, cancer
therapy, and biosensing. Although the formation of the heavily-doped copper chalcogenides with LSPR
feature has already attracted significant attention due to their various potential applications, the
development of the plasmonic copper chalcogenides for the next generation should also be taken into
consideration.