Page 92 - Read Online

Mao et al. Chem Synth 2023;3:26 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/cs.2022.41 Page 19 of 33

Table 2. Comparison of the sizes, biological models, and bioapplications of nanoscale copper chalcogenides for cancer diagnosis and
therapy
Materials Size (nm) Model Bioapplications Ref.
AM@DLMSN@CuS/R848 100 4T1 PTT/IT [149]
Cu S @mSiO -PEG 45 Hep3B PTT [150]
9 5
2
Cu Se-PEG-SH 3.6 4T1 PAI/CT/SPECT/PTT [135]
2-x
64
PEG-[ Cu]CuS NPs 11.9 Hth83 ATC PET/CT/+PTT/RT [151]
CP Nanodots 16.3 U87MG CDT [152]
CuS NPs-PEG-Mal 12 4T1 IT [153]
19
19
Cu S Au@PSI- F/PEG 14 4T1 CT/ FMRI/PTT [105]
7 4-
Cu Se-NCM 1.7 Raw FLI [127]
2-x
Gd/CuS@DSPE-PEG-MAL 56 MKN45 FLI/MRI/PTT [126]
Cu Se/Bi Se @PEG 15 HepG2 CT/MRI/CDT/PDT/PTT [106]
2-x
2
3
G5-PBA@CuS/cGAMP 3.6 B16-F10 PTT/IT [154]
IR820@CuS/Pt JNMs 142 4T1 FLI/PTT/PDT [155]
AuNBP@CuS 105 EMT-6 PTT/PDT/CDT [156]
Lipo@ICG@CuS 145 4T1 FLI/PTT/PDT [157]
Bac@Cu O 120 CT26 FLI/CDT [158]
2
DOX/HCuS@PDA-MB 140 MDA-231 FLI/PTT/Chemotherapy [159]
19
19
CDT: Chemodynamic therapy; CT: computed tomography; FLI: fluorescence imaging; FMRI: fluorine-19 ( F) magnetic resonance imaging; IT:
Immunotherapy; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; PAI: photoacoustic imaging; PET: positron emission tomography; PDT: photodynamic
therapy; PTT: photothermal therapy; RT: radiation therapy; SPECT: single-photon emission computed tomography.
such as limited light penetration depth and hypoxia-related resistance in tumor PDT [152,164-168] . It was a ROS-
mediated therapeutical method and utilized nano-catalytic medicine and the exogenetic stimulation to
particularly convert H O and O into •OH and O intra-tumor. As a result, cancer cells can be effectively
1
2
2
2
2
and safely killed without harming normal tissues [118,166,169] .
Recently, diverse metal-doped metallic peroxides (MPs), including metal ions and peroxo group (such as Fe,
Mn, Cu, and Co) nanomaterials [170-172] , have been developed as highly efficient nano-catalytic medicines to
stimulate the generation of ROS because of their great peroxidase-like activity. Lin et al. reported on the
manufacture of copper peroxide (CP) nanodots, which were the first samples to have Fenton- competence
metal peroxide nanomaterials . The CP nanodots were used as an activatable agent to enhance CDT
[152]
through self-supplying H O as shown in Figure 12A. In the picture, we could see that, after the
2
2,
internalization by cells, the CP was resolved in the acidic endo/lysosomal compartments because of the
sensitivity to pH . The anti-cancer chemo-dynamic effectiveness of CP nanodots was turned out both in
[152]
vitro and in vivo. The specific strategies were shown in Figure 12A: there were lots of cases of chemo-
dynamic therapy for copper chalcogenides nanoparticles from some researchers [149,173] .

Wu et al. also confirmed that the Cu-based system is more efficient than conventional Fe-based Fenton
agents in CDT . A pH-responsive engineered covalent organic framework of CuS was designed in the
[118]
tumor environment by Wang et al., as shown in Figure 12B. Because of the regional excess temperature
induced by PTT can further improve the CDT efficiency of the nano platform, which could lead to a
synergistic PTT/chemotherapy/CDT effect . Zuo et al. pioneered a credible paradigm to integrate
[175]
photothermal and Fenton-like activities into one nanoplatform, as shown in Figure 12C . It showed the
[174]
synthesis procedure for CuS@COFs NPs and their application for CDT and PTT.