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Nagwade et al. Soft Sci 2023;3:24  https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ss.2023.12       Page 19 of 25









































































                Figure 10. (A) Electrically conductive Ag-polyacrylamide-alginate hydrogel composite used for neuromuscular stimulation of lower and
                upper limbs. Reprinted (adapted) with permission from Ohm et al.. [123]  Copyright 2021 Springer Nature Limited. (B) Non-invasive
                stimulation of peripheral nerves of a mouse using temporally interfering electrical fields from a flexible PEDOT:PSS electrode interface.
                Reprinted (adapted) with permission from Botzanowski et al. [124] . Copyright 2022 Wiley VCH GmbH. (C) Electrical muscle stimulation
                directly delivered by TENG for rehabilitation purposes. Reprinted (adapted) with permission from Wang  et al. [125] . Copyright 2019
                WILEY VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. PEDOT:PSS: poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate; TENG:
                triboelectric nanogenerator.
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