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Page 18 of 27 Tian et al. Soft Sci 2023;3:30 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ss.2023.21

Figure 9. Typical pressure and temperature sensors based on the SEOS mechanism. (A) A flexible bimodal sensor based on an
electrospun nanofibrous structure for simultaneous pressure–temperature detection. Reproduced with permission [74] . Copyright 2019,
Royal Society of Chemistry. (B) Low-voltage, high-sensitivity, and high-reliability bimodal sensor array with fully inkjet-printed flexible
[75]
conducting electrode for low power consumption electronic skin. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2017, Elsevier B.V. (C)
Conjuncted pyro-piezoelectric effect for self-powered simultaneous temperature and pressure sensing. Reproduced with
[78]
permission . Copyright 2019, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (D) A multifunctional skin-like sensor based on a 3D printed thermo-responsive
[79]
hydrogel. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2017, Royal Society of Chemistry. (E) Variable-temperature electron transport and
[80]
dipole polarization turning flexible multifunctional microsensors beyond electrical and optical energy. Reproduced with permission .
Copyright 2020, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
gravure printing method, the flexible substrate of flexographic printing is often made of rubber or a photo-
polymer. In addition, the roll-to-roll mode is widely used in flexographic printing due to its ease and speed
of fabrication [82,85] .

In terms of non-contact printing, screen printing is the most preferred and adopted printing method, in
which the mesh and squeegee are the essential components. The working process can be described as
follows: the ink is squeezed out from the squeegee through the open mesh, and it finally forms the desired