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Nakamoto et al. Plast Aesthet Res 2024;11:54 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2347-9264.2024.82 Page 9 of 14

Figure 4. Digital photographs of the wounds of each sheep in the treatment and control groups on Day 14. Wounds that were adjacent
to each other were analyzed as a pair.

Figure 5. The graph shows the epithelialization rate (%) of the mesh skin graft wounds on Day 14 in the treatment and control groups.
The red bar represents the treatment group and the blue bar represents the control group. Estimation plots show the difference
between pairs. Error bars indicate SEM. SEM: Standard error of the mean.

In the present study, we report that the epidermal thickness (histological analysis) on Day 14 was
significantly thicker in the treatment group than in the control group. This confirms the significantly higher
epithelialization rate in the treatment group on Day 14. Since topical application of timolol accelerates
epithelialization of mesh skin grafted full-thickness burn wounds, timolol may have the potential to
improve cosmetic appearance and reduce scar contracture. Future studies are needed to compare the effects
of beta-blockers on cosmetic aspects and scar contracture.