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Page 10 of 14 Nakamoto et al. Plast Aesthet Res 2024;11:54 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2347-9264.2024.82

Figure 6. These graphs are survival curves comparing the treatment and control groups for the number of days that the epithelialization
rate exceeded 85%, 90%, and 95%, respectively. The red line represents the treatment group and the blue line represents the control
group.

Figure 7. The graph shows the blood flow in the wounds measured immediately after excision, after skin grafting, on Day 7, Day 10, Day
12, and Day 14 using the blood perfusion imager PeriCam. Red line and red circles indicate the treatment group; blue line and blue
squares indicate the control group. Error bars indicate SEM. SEM: Standard error of the mean.

Furthermore, the present study showed no significant differences in the levels of RNA abundance relative to
EEF1A1 for any of the markers of proliferation measured between the treatment and control groups.
Specifically, the treatment with timolol did not affect RNA expression of MFA, EMT, and TGF-associated
pathways in the wound tissue. The RNA abundances relative to EEF1A1 for biomarkers of cell proliferation
and MFA and EMT were compared to assess whether the topical application of beta-blockers has any
proliferative effects beyond enhancing keratinocyte migratory ability. However, there is not any significant
difference, and this suggests that combining a drug with a proliferative effect on keratinocytes with beta-
blockers may have an additional therapeutic effect. In addition, although our approach suggests there is no
significant difference between the RNA levels of the targets we measure, we cannot rule out the possibility
that these targets and pathways might be affected through other means, such as differential post-