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Figueroa-Hall et al.                                                                                                                                                     TLR4-mediated signaling in CHME-5 cells

           and mounting data makes clear that microglia have   Patient consent
           diverse roles in the CNS. It is generally difficult and   Not applicable.
           expensive to obtain human primary microglia and
           experiments are often challenging due to limited   Ethics approval
           cell numbers. Cell lines are therefore essential to   Not applicable.
           advance the field of neuroinflammation, in particular,
           inflammation exacerbating neurodegenerative
           diseases. Relative to other cell types, availability of   REFERENCES
           microglial cell lines is limited, thus, it is important to
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           and Robert Allen, Ph.D. for performing the STR        Peterson PK. Role of microglia in central nervous system infections.
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           editing: L. Figueroa-Hall                             damage. J Exp Med 2003;198:1729-40.
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           Financial support and sponsorship                     Exp Neurol 2002;61:1013-21.
           Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science &   18.  Laflamme N, Rivest S. Toll-like receptor 4: the missing link of the
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           Conflicts of interest                                 of human microglial cell lines after transfection of primary cultures of
           There are no conflicts of interest.                   embryonic microglial cells with the SV40 large T antigen. Neurosci

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