Page 330 - Read Online

Loria et al. CEUS in evaluation of vascularization of HCC

CEUS for the study of vascularization. nodules associated with liver cirrosi: evaluation by CT during
intrarterial injection of contrast medium. AJR Am J Roentgenol
In our study the sensitiveness, specificity and accuracy 1999;172:969-76.
of CEUS in the diagnosis of HCC were not evaluated. 6. Stark DD, Weissleder R, Elizondo G, Hahn PF, Saini S, Todd
LE, Wittenberg J, Ferrucci JT. Superparamagnetic iron oxide:
The intralesional vascularization documented with clinical application as a contrast agent for MR imaging of the liver.
CEUS compared with that documented with MSCT was Radiology 1998;168:297-301.
respectively compared in a series of hepatic carcinoma. 7. Imai Y, Murakami T, Yoshida S, Nishikawa M, Ohsawa M,
The MR was not documented for comparison because Tokunaga K, Murata M, Shibata K, Zushi S, Kurokawa M,
it is not utilized in all cases. Yonezawa T, Kawata S, Takamura M, Nagano H, Sakon M, Monden
M, Wakasa K, Nakamura H. Superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced
In the event, when using various imaging techniques, magnetic resonance imaging oh hepatocellular carcinoma: correlation
with histological grading. Hepatology 2000;32:205-12.
when it is not possible to obtain a differential diagnosis 8. Fujimoto M, Moriyasu F, Nishikawa K, Nada T, Okuma M. Color
between a benign or malignant lesion, it is essential Doppler sonography of hepatic tumors with a galactose-based
to perform biopsy or monitoring of the patients, contrast agent: correlation with angiographic findings. AJR Am J
depending on the dimensions of the lesion. Roentgenol 1994;163:1099-104.
9. Choi BI, Kim TK, Han JK, Kim AY, Seong CK, Park SJ. Vascularity
In conclusion, this study demonstrates that CEUS is of hepatocellular carcinoma: assessment with contrast-enhanced
a reliable and accurate method for documenting the second-harmonic versus conventional power Doppler US. Radiology
2000;214:381-6.
intralesional vascularization of hepatic carcinoma, 10. Lencioni R, Cioni D, Bartolozzi C. Tissue harmonic and contrast-
in particular when combined with MSCT. However, specific imaging: back to gray scale in ultrasound. Eur Radiol
CEUS presents some limitations, mainly in relation to 2002;12:151-65.
the site of lesions. 11. Hirai T, Ohishi H, Tokuno E, Takahashi M, Sakaguchi H, Anai H,
Nishimoto Y, Hirohashi S, Kichikawa K. Qualitative diagnosis of
Financial support and sponsorship hepatocellular carcinoma by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography using
coded harmonic angio with Levovist. J Med Ultrason 2002;29:3-9.
None. 12. Koda M, Matsunaga Y, Ueki M. Qualitative assessment of tumor
vascularity in hepatocellular carcinoma by contrast-enhanced
Conflicts of interest coded ultrasound: comparison with arterial phase of dynamic CT
There are no conflicts of interest. and conventional color/power Doppler ultrasound. Eur Radiol
2004;14:1100-8.
13. Dill-Macky MJ, Burns PN, Khalili K, Wilson SR. Focal hepatic
Patient consent masses: enhancement patterns with SH U 508A and pulse-inversion
Each patient was informed of the study and gave their US. Radiology 2002;222:95-102.
consent. 14. Nicolau C, Brú C. Focal liver lesions: evaluation with contrast
enhanced ultrasonography. Abdom Imaging 2004;29:348-59.
Ethics approval 15. Quaia E, Calliada F, Bertolotto M, Rossi S, Garioni L, Rosa L,
Pozzi-Mucelli R. Characterization of focal liver lesions with contrast-
This study was approved by the Corporate Ethics specific US modes and a sulfur hexafluoride-filled microbubble
Committee. contrast agent: diagnostic performance and confidence. Radiology
2004;232:420-30.
REFERENCES 16. Gaiani S, Celli N, Piscaglia F, Cecilioni L, Losinno F, Giangregorio
F, Mancini M, Pini P, Fornari F, Bolondi L. Usefulness of contrast-
1. Tanaka S, Kitamura T, Fujita M, Nakanishi K, Okuda S. Color enhanced perfusionale sonography in the assessment of hepatocellular
Doppler flow imaging of liver tumors. AJR Am J Roentgenol carcinoma hypervascular at spiral computed tomography. J Hepatol
1990;154:509-14. 2004;41:421-6.
2. Lencioni R, Pinto F, Armillotta N, Bartolozzi C. Assessment of 17. Xu HX, Liu GJ, Lu MD, Xie XY, Xu ZF, Zheng YL, Liang JY.
tumor vascularity in hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison of power Characterization of focal liver lesions using contrast-enhanced
Doppler US and color Doppler US. Radiology 1996;201:353-8. sonography with a low mechanical index mode and a sulfur
3. Winter TC 3rd, Takayasu K, Muramatsu Y, Furukawa H, Wakao hexafluoride-filled microbubble contrast agent. J Clin Ultrasound
F, Koga H, Sakamoto M, Hirohashi S, Freeny PC. Early advanced 2006;34:261-72.
hepatocellular carcinoma: evaluation of CT and MR appearance with 18. Liu GJ, Xu HX, Lu MD, Xie XY, Xu ZF, Zheng YL, Liang JY.
pathologic correlation. Radiology 1994;192:379-87. Enhancement pattern of hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison
4. Takayasu K, Muramatsu Y, Furukawa H, Wakao F, Moriyama of real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound and contrast-enhanced
N, Takayama T, Yamasaki S, Sakamoto M, Hirohashi S. Early computed tomography. Clin Imaging 2006;30:315-21.
hepatocellular carcinoma appearance at CT during arterial 19. Xu HX, Xie XY, Lu MD, Liu GJ, Xu ZF, Zheng YL, Liang JY,
portography and CT arteriography with pathologic correlation. Chen LD. Contrast-enhanced sonography in the diagnosis of small
Radiology 1995;194:101-5. hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Ultrasound 2006;36:257-66.
5. Hayashi M, Matsui O, Ueda K, Kawamori Y, Kadoya M, Yoshikawa 20. Giorgio A, Ferraioli G, Tarantino L, de Stefano G, Scala V, Scarano
J, Gabata T, Takashima T, Nonomura A, Nakanuma Y. Correlation F, Coppola C, Del Viscovo L. Contrast-enhanced sonographic
between the blood supply and grade of malignancy of hepatocellular appearance of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis:
Hepatoma Research ¦ Volume 2 ¦ November 22, 2016 321