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Alves et al. Hepatoma Res 2016;2:293-6 Hepatoma Research
DOI: 10.20517/2394-5079.2016.01
www.hrjournal.net
Case Report Open Access

Hepatocarcinoma with metastasis to the

anterior mediastinum

Rogério Camargo Pinheiro Alves , Lorena Sagrilo Auer , Lisa Rodrigues da Cunha Saud , Raquel Coris Arrelaro ,
2
2
1
2
Aline Carboni Casado , Bruno Gustavo Ferreira , Denis Szjenfeld , Paula Bechara Poletti 2
2
3
2
1 Department of Hepatology, Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual, 04028-000 São Paulo, Brazil
2 Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual, 04028-000 São Paulo, Brazil
3 Department of Radiology, Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual, 04028-000 São Paulo, Brazil
Correspondence to: Dr. Rogério Camargo Pinheiro Alves, Department of Hepatology, Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público
Estadual, Av. Ibirapuera, 981, Indianópolis, 04028-000 São Paulo, Brazil. E-mail: rcpalves@uol.com.br
How to cite this article: Alves RCP, Auer LS, da Cunha Saud LR, Arrelaro RC, Casado AC, Ferreira BG, Szjenfeld D, Poletti PB. Hepatocarcinoma
with metastasis to the anterior mediastinum. Hepatoma Res 2016;2:293-6.
ABSTRACT
Article history: Liver malignancies are the sixth leading cause of cancer worldwide, whereas hepatocellular
Received: 22-01-2016 carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent histological type of liver cancer. Extrahepatic metastasis,
Accepted: 13-10-2016 which rarely involves the mediastinum, is associated with poor prognosis. An 80-year-old male
Published: 21-10-2016 presenting with mild diffuse abdominal pain for 4 months, associated with hyporexia, increased
abdominal volume, dry cough, and loss of 4 kg in 1 month, sought medical assistance due to
Key words: hemoptysis and chest pain. Tomographic study revealed HCC with mediastinal metastasis,
Hepatocellular carcinoma, after which sorafenib therapy was started. Disease progressed to death 4 months after the start
mediastinal metastasis, of the treatment.
sorafenib,
computed tomography

INTRODUCTION ethnicity, the coexistence of these two conditions has
the same basic clinical characteristics and leads to
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has high incidence and poor prognosis, regardless of race and location. [2]
mortality rates, being the most common primary liver
cancer and the third leading cause of cancer mortality. Liver cirrhosis of any etiology and chronic infection
[1]
It usually starts with a solitary encapsulated lesion that by hepatitis B are the main risk factors for the
often shows slow growth and is asymptomatic for
a long time. HCC is usually associated with liver development of HCC. All patients with these two
[2]
cirrhosis, which may impair treatment tolerability conditions benefit from biannual screening for HCC
and thus increase the risk of complications in cases with abdominal ultrasound and measurement of alpha-
of advanced cirrhosis. Although there are great fetoprotein (AFP) levels, although the latter has been
differences in the global incidence and frequency of shown to have questionable efficacy in population
coexisting HCC and cirrhosis that vary according to surveillance. [3,4]

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