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Zhou et al. Soft Sci. 2026, 6, 10 Page 35 of 47

Table 2. Summary of performances of MEG devices with different structural types
Material for power generation Structure Electrode RH (%) Electrical property Ref.

GO 1D Ag 70 0.3 V, 0.7 μA·cm -1 [52]
PDDA/NaAlg 1D PEDOT, Au 20 0.8 V, 1.05 mA·cm , 1.84 W·m -2 [50]
-2
Alg/MWCNTs 1D / 90-95 0.51 V, 1.45 μA, 3.23 × 10 W·cm -2 [132]
-2
PSSA/PVA 1D C, Al 80 1.38 V, 460 μA·cm -2 [129]
PVA/MWCNTs/SDBS 1D Cu, Al 95 0.6 V, 200 μA·cm -2 [167]
MWNT 1D MWNT 70 80 mV, 6 mA·m , 2.5 × 10 W·m -2 [135]
-3
-2
SA/MWCNT 1D Au, Cu 90 0.274 W·m -2 [133]
GO/PAAS 2D Au, Ag 80 0.6 V [82]
PVA/SCNF 2D Cu, Pt 80 0.9 V, 92 μA·cm -2 [126]
PVA/SA 2D Al 80 1.30 V, 1.31 mA·cm , 1.1 W·m -2 [109]
-2
PSSA 2D Au 80 0.8 V, 0.1 mA·cm -2 [108]
PSSA/PDDA 2D C 25 0.95 V, 7.6 × 10 W·m -2 [105]
-2
SA-SiO 2 -rGO 2D Au, C 80 0.6 V, 2.24 mA, 0.14 mA·cm -2 [125]
PAN 2D Zn, Ag 90 0.8 V, 60 μA [171]
H-PSS 2D Au 90 0.8 V, 20 μA [153]
PSS/PVA/LiCl 2D Cu, Al 90 0.7 V, 56.39 μA·cm -2 [148]
rc-PSS 2D MoS 2 , MnO 2 95 0.72 V, 9.2 mA·cm , 6.7 W·m -2 [198]
-2
-2
GO/PVA/PEG 2D Ag 90 0.625 mA·cm , 3 W·m -2 [43]
PA/CPDs 2D Ag, LM 15 0.65 V, 12 μA·cm -2 [47]
2D Al 95 0.8 V, 0.4 mA, 0.27 mA·cm -2 [98]
MoS 2
BP 2D Carbon cloth 80 0.25 V, 0.16 μA·cm -2 [62]
LS-H 2D C, Zn 73 1.21 V, 76.80 μA [113]
Lactoalbumin 2D FTO, CNTs 40 1.45 V, 113 mA·cm -2 [40]
G.S. 2D ITO 75 0.3 V, 0.3 μA, 2.5 × 10 W·m -2 [117]
-2
CA-BCSNF/rGO 2D Au 63 0.54 V, 0.35 μA, 1.89 × 10 W·m -2 [142]
-6
PVA/PAN/GI/EC/terpineol 2D MWCNTs, NiO/ZnO@C 3 N 4 16 0.58 V, 14.35 μA [33]
CNT/SP 2D Ag/AgCl, Pt 80 102 mV, 1.75 mA·m , 8.25 × 10 W·m -2 [199]
-2
-4
Al 2 O 3 /PVDF-HFP 2D CNT/CaCl 2 , gallium-indium 93 1.03 V, 47.77 μA·cm -2 [172]
TiO 2 /Co 2D MWCNT 50-80 0.95 V, 0.1 mA [103]
CB@Cotton 2D Al, 1T-WS 2 @CSilk 30 0.65 V, 0.51 mA, 4.8 μW [136]
-2
CNF/PIL 2D Ag/AgCl / 0.3 V, 10 μA, 5.16 × 10 W·m -2 [200]
CNW-PAN/LiCl-P(VDF-TrFE) 2D C, Al 40 0.85 V, 0.144 W·m , 5.77 × 10 W·m -3 [49]
2
-2
GO 3D Ag, Au 80 1.5 V, 3.2 W·m -2 [87]
MXene-Licl 3D / 77 0.12 V [100]
CNF/CNT/CA 3D Pt, Cu / 0.25 V, 38 μA, 289 W·m -2 [161]
PVA/MXene 3D Au 45 0.8 V, 1.46 W·m -2 [121]
BG/GO/CNF-NaCl/CNF 3D Au@SS 90 1.17 V, 2,770 μA·cm -2 [163]
MXene/PAM 3D Cu 20 0.45 mV, 0.248 W·m -2 [162]
PAM-LiCl/CMC 3D C, Al 90 1.8 V, 1.2 mA, 1.13 W·m -2 [165]
([EMIM ]Cl )/PAM/PVA/SDBS 3D C-Zn 25-70 1.4 V, 0.1 mA [34]
-
+
MEG: Moisture-electric generator; RH: relative humidity; GO: graphene oxide; 1D: one-dimensional; PDDA: poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium
chloride); NaAlg: sodium alginate; PEDOT: poly (3,4-ethynedioxythiophene); Alg: alginate; MWCNT: multi-walled carbon nanotube; PSSA:
poly(styrenesulfonic acid); PVA: polyvinyl alcohol; SDBS:sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; MWNT: multi-walled NanoTube; SA: sodium alginate;
PAAS: sodium polyacrylate; 2D: two-dimensional; SCNF: sulfated cellulose nanofibers; rGO: reduced graphene oxide; PAN: polyacrylonitrile; H-PSS:
poly(4-styrene sulfonic acid); rc-PSS: redox-coupled polystyrene sulfonate; PEG: polyethylene glycol; PA: polyamide; CPDs: carbonized polymer
dots; LM: liquid metal; BP: black phosphorus; LS-H: lignin sulfonate; FTO: fluorine-doped tin oxide; CNTs: carbon nanotubes; G.S.: Geobacter
sulfurreducens; ITO: indium tin oxide; CA-BCSNF: citric acid crosslinked bacterial cellulose sulfate nanofiber; GI: glycerol; EC: ethyl cellulose; SP: