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Page 12 of 21 Tang et al. Soft Sci. 2025, 5, 11 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ss.2024.62
Figure 5. (A) Flexible wearable thermoelectric device composed of eight thermoelectric nanofiber yarns in series and its applications in
human energy harvesting and respiration monitoring [98] . Copyright 2022, Elsevier; (B) Schematic illustration of the thermoelectric
sensing mask for detecting respiratory rate [99] . Copyright 2024, Elsevier; (C) The thermoelectric fabric and its application in self-
powered wearable products. Copyright 2024, Elsevier; (D) Temperature sensing applications of fabrics integrated into daily wear
masks [101] ; (E) Demonstration of a deep-learning-assisted self-powered in-nostril respiratory monitoring strategy. © Wiley 2022; (F)
Design of the P-THF-based self-powered in-nostril thermoelectric sensor for respiratory monitoring [102] . Copyright 2025, Elsevier. CNT:
Carbon nanotube; CPR: cardiopulmonary resuscitation; CEF: conductive elastomer film; PVA/SA: composite material of polyvinyl alcohol
and sodium alginate.
Furthermore, the integration of deep learning with TE sensor technology represents a significant leap
