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Figure 1. The number of published papers on stretchable displays by year based on the “Web of Science”.

Figure 2. An overview of stretchable displays comprising electronic components, structural approaches for imparting stretchability to
devices, and the next-generation applications of stretchable displays.

STRETCHABLE ELECTRODES AND INTERCONNECTS
Electrodes and interconnects are the key components that connect the light-emitting devices, TFTs, and the
driving circuitry . To achieve high-performance stretchable electrodes and interconnects, low electrical
[20]
resistance and excellent mechanical stability should be achieved even under stretched conditions. For
stretchable electrodes or interconnects, which are crucial components in the successful realization of
stretchable displays, it is essential to maintain electrical connections between each component of the system
even at a tensile strain (ε) of 100% . However, enhancing the upper limit of the maximum tensile strain can
[17]
contribute to improving mechanical reliability at lower deformation, making it desirable to achieve a strain
of well over 100% for electrodes or interconnects to ensure practical applicability . To satisfy this,
[17]
intrinsically stretchable materials or designs of two-dimensional (2D) or 3D structure patterns can be
applied to minimize mechanical stress and secure conductivity during stretching. In this section, various