Page 204 - Read Online

Page 28 of 35 Nam et al. Soft Sci 2023;3:28 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ss.2023.19

To address the aforementioned challenges and enhance the performance of the on-skin biosignal recording,
it is crucial to prioritize the advancement of long-term stability and mechanical robustness while retaining
high conductivity. As previously discussed, LMs offer a promising approach to fabricating composites with
minimal hysteresis, as they have a minimal impact on the mechanical properties of polymeric matrices.
Also, paper-based electronics integrated with nanomaterials can be a promising candidate in wearable
electronic fields due to their lightweight, environmental friendliness, and biodegradability. Moreover, the
integration of machine learning and numerical simulation technology can provide a viable means of
exploring suitable materials and fabrication methodologies for nanocomposites used in wearable devices. By
implementing such technologies to improve material and device performance, soft nanocomposites with
high sensitivity and durability will be further employed in bio-integrated electronics.

DECLARATIONS
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Institute for Basic Science (IBS-R006-A1). This research was supported by
the KERI Primary research program of MSIT/NST (No. 23A01064)

Authors’ contributions
Nam S, Park C, and Sunwoo SH contributed equally.
Outlined the manuscript structure: Nam S, Park C, Kim M, Lee H
Conducted the literature review and wrote the manuscript: Nam S, Park C, Sunwoo SH
Reviewed and revised the manuscript: Kim DH, Lee M

Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.

Financial support and sponsorship
This work was supported by the Institute for Basic Science (IBS-R006-A1). This research was supported by
the KERI Primary research program of MSIT/NST (No. 23A01064).

Conflicts of interest
All authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.

Consent for publication
Not applicable.

Copyright
© The Author(s) 2023.

REFERENCES
1. Cho KW, Lee WH, Kim BS, Kim DH. Sensors in heart-on-a-chip: a review on recent progress. Talanta 2020;219:121269. DOI
PubMed
2. Sunwoo S, Han SI, Joo H, et al. Advances in soft bioelectronics for brain research and clinical neuroengineering. Matter
2020;3:1923-47. DOI
3. Squair JW, Gautier M, Mahe L, et al. Neuroprosthetic baroreflex controls haemodynamics after spinal cord injury. Nature
2021;590:308-14. DOI PubMed
4. Hong YJ, Lee H, Kim J, et al. Multifunctional wearable system that integrates sweat-based sensing and vital-sign monitoring to