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Original Article Plastic and Aesthetic Research

Management of isolated zygomaticomaxillary

complex fractures with an individualized

approach: a retrospective study

Rahul Datta , Kanwar Harit , Yasmin Grewal 2
1
1
1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rayat Bahra Dental College and Hospital, Mohali 140104, Punjab, India.
2 Department of Public Health Dentistry, Rayat Bahra Dental College and Hospital, Mohali 140104, Punjab, India.
Address for correspondence: Dr. Rahul Datta, H. No. 416, Sector 37 A, Chandigarh 160036, India. E-mail: docdatta@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Aim: Fractures of the zygomatico maxillary complex (ZMC) are commonly seen after traumatic injuries to
the facial skeleton. The aim of the study was to review the outcome of individualized treatment approach
in the management of isolated ZMC fractures. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 25 patients was
conducted to assess the outcomes of isolated ZMC (iZMC) fracture treatment at a multi specialty hospital
(Punjab, India) over a 3–year period. Results: Out of the 25 patients reviewed, 4 patients required no
surgical intervention and 21 patients underwent surgical reduction via the buccal sulcus approach. An
individualized treatment plan was formulated for each patient to decide mini plate fixation at one– two– or
three–point with or without orbital rim exploration. Two patients required removal of mini plates from the
buttress area on postoperative follow up. Conclusion: Our review shows that an individualized treatment
approach produces the most favorable results in the management of iZMC fractures.

Key words:
Fixation, fractures, reduction, zygomatic complex

INTRODUCTION addition, after the evolution of bone plating systems, a
large number of recommendations have been made for
The zygoma is a prominent bone in the facial skeleton stabilization or fixation of these fracture segments. This
[2]
and contributes to structural and functional stability study presents a retrospective review of iZMC fractures,
of the craniofacial complex. Due to its location, the managed with an individualized approach.
zygoma and its associated processes are easily fractured
in a trauma. As the zygoma is usually associated with METHODS
[1]
adjacent bones, fractures to this region are termed as
zygomatico‑maxillary complex (ZMC) fractures. Fractures A retrospective analysis of available records over a
of the ZMC may occur alone known as isolated ZMC 3‑year period (from January 2011 to January 2014) was
(iZMC) fracture or in association with fractures of other conducted to assess the treatment outcomes of iZMC
bones of the craniofacial complex. [2] fractures at a multi‑specialty hospital in Punjab, India.
Since the first description of surgical management of Data relevant to the demographic profile of the patients
a ZMC fracture, many authors have proposed a variety such as age and gender, cause of injury, other associated
of surgical approaches for reduction of the bone. In injuries (noncranio‑facial), and surgical treatment provided
was collected. Only those patients with iZMC fractures
Access this article online without any other facial bone injury were included
Quick Response Code: in this study. Patients who presented with displaced
Website: iZMC fractures causing aesthetic or functional problems
www.parjournal.net
that needed surgical intervention underwent standard
preoperative investigations. All patients were given
DOI: peri‑operative antimicrobial prophylaxis, adjunct analgesics
10.4103/2347-9264.139699 and supportive medication with restricted soft diet for
2 weeks post‑treatment. Patients not requiring surgical

Plast Aesthet Res || Vol 1 || Issue 2 || Sep 2014 51