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the most linked keywords are interleukin (IL), IL-1beta, and blood brain barrier; (4) author networks present higher CC than
those nation networks.

Conclusion: SNA provides wide and deep insight into the relationships among nations in co-author collaboration. The
results can help readers in future submission to a journal in neuroimmunology and neuroinflammation.

Keywords: Authorship collaboration, Google Maps, neuroimmunology, neuroinflammation, social network analysis

INTRODUCTION
Neuroimmunology is a field combining neuroscience, the study of the nervous system, and immunology in
a review of the immune system. Neuroimmunologists seek to better understand the interactions of these
two complex systems during the development of homeostasis and response to injuries. A long-term goal is
[1]
to further develop our understanding of the pathology of certain neurological diseases .
Similarly, neuroinflammation is inflammation of the nervous tissue. It is initiated in response to a variety of
cause such as infection, traumatic brain injury, toxic metabolites, or autoimmunity . The central nervous
[2]
system is typically an immunologically privileged site because peripheral immune cells are blocked by the
[3,4]
blood-brain barrier . However, the issues including author collaboration and keyword defined by authors
are still unclear.

By January 22, 2018, more than 18,282 papers have appeared on PubMed when searching with the keyword
(neuroimmunology OR neuroinflammation) and 2885 in the paper title only including the keyword
(neuroimmunology [Title] OR neuroinflammation [Title]) since 1982. The issue of which nations dominate the
papers published in neuroimmunology and neuroinflammation intrigues us to investigate which keywords are
most frequently seen in those articles in the past decades.

Big data is a concept that has evolved from the modern trend of scientism . Many data scientists develop
[5]
[5]
ways to discover new knowledge from the vast quantities of increasingly available information . Even an
apocryphal story was often told to explain the concept of co-occurrence between beer and diaper sales ,
[6-8]
the way of finding both beer and diaper sales had a strong correlation on Friday is unclear in the literature.
All possible pairs of observed goods or services are worth studying the association, which is similar to the
keywords and authors in journal papers. Fortunately, social network analysis (SNA) [9-11] can analyze big data
for us to investigate the association of any pairs of goods or services in a network.

Authorship collaboration using SNA is an example regarding co-authors in recent years because co-
[9]
authors among researchers form is a type of social network. Whether the authoring network earns a higher
centrality measure (or density) than the national system is required to explore. We are thus interested in
using SNA to explore the features in neuroimmunology and neuroinflammation from published papers we
observed in Medline library.

Google Maps provide an overall view of geospatial visualization with coordinates of latitude and longitude
on a map [12,13] . However, a few appeared in Medline library in search of keyword “google map [Title]” on
November 22, 2017. Many papers [9-11] have studied on co-author collaboration in academics, however, none
display results with Google Maps and SNA.

Our aims are to apply the clustering coefficient to the pattern of international author collaboration in
[14]
neuroimmunology and neuroinflammation on the following topics: (1) nation distribution; (2) the most