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Turner et al. Neuroimmunol Neuroinflammation 2017;4:6-15 Neuroimmunology and
DOI: 10.20517/2347-8659.2016.40
Neuroinflammation

www.nnjournal.net
Original Article Open Access
Single low-dose lipopolysaccharide

preconditioning: neuroprotective against

axonal injury and modulates glial cells

Ryan C. Turner , Zachary J. Naser , Brandon P. Lucke-Wold , Aric F. Logsdon , Reyna L. Vangilder ,
2,3
2,4
1,2
1,2
1,2
Rae R. Matsumoto , Jason D. Huber , Charles L. Rosen 1,2
2,3
2,3
1 Department of Neurosurgery, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
2 Center for Neuroscience, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
3 Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
4 Center for Health Restoration, West Virginia University, School of Nursing, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
Correspondence to: Dr. Brandon P. Lucke-Wold, Department of Neurosurgery, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, One Medical Center
Drive, Suite 4300, Health Sciences Center, PO Box 9183, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. E-mail: Bwold@mix.wvu.edu
How to cite this article: Turner RC, Naser ZJ, Lucke-Wold BP, Logsdon AF, Vangilder RL, Matsumoto RR, Huber JD, Rosen CL. Single low-dose
lipopolysaccharide preconditioning: neuroprotective against axonal injury and modulates glial cells. Neuroimmunol Neuroinflammation 2017;4:6-15.
Dr. Brandon P. Lucke-Wold is completing the MD/PhD program, Master’s in Clinical and Translational Science, and
global health track at West Virginia University. He is also co-founder of SwifTag Systems, a biotechnology company
specializing in efficient and cost-effective laboratory animal tagging, inventory, and tracking. He plans to pursue
neurosurgery residency training following graduation from West Virginia University. He enjoys running and rock
climbing as well as spending time with his wife and newborn daughter.

ABSTRACT

Article history: Aim: Over 7 million traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are reported each year in the United States.
Received: 26-08-2016 However, treatments and neuroprotection following TBI are limited because secondary injury
Accepted: 20-12-2016 cascades are poorly understood. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration before controlled
Published: 20-01-2017 cortical impact can contribute to neuroprotection. However, the underlying mechanisms and
whether LPS preconditioning confers neuroprotection against closed-head injuries remains
Key words: unclear. Methods: The authors hypothesized that preconditioning with a low dose of LPS
Lipopolysaccharide (0.2 mg/kg) would regulate glial reactivity and protect against diffuse axonal injury induced
preconditioning, by weight drop. LPS was administered 7 days prior to TBI. LPS administration reduced
oncostatin M receptor, locomotion, which recovered completely by time of injury. Results: LPS preconditioning
diffuse axonal injury, significantly reduced the post-injury gliosis response near the corpus callosum, possibly by
gliosis, downregulating the oncostatin M receptor. These novel findings demonstrate a protective
neuroprotection role of LPS preconditioning against diffuse axonal injury. LPS preconditioning successfully
prevented neurodegeneration near the corpus callosum, as measured by fluorojade B.
Conclusion: Further work is required to elucidate whether LPS preconditioning confers
long-term protection against behavioral deficits and to elucidate the biochemical mechanisms
responsible for LPS-induced neuroprotective effects.
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