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Guo et al. Neuroimmunol Neuroinflammation 2016;3:249-56 Neuroimmunology and
DOI: 10.20517/2347-8659.2016.10
Neuroinflammation

www.nnjournal.net
Topic: Infectious Disease of Central Nervous System Open Access

Current diagnosis and treatment of

cryptococcal meningitis without acquired

immunodeficiency syndrome

Xiao-Su Guo, Hui Bu, Jun-Ying He, Yue-Li Zou, Yue Zhao, Yuan-Yuan Li, Jun-Zhao Cui, Ming-Ming Zheng,
Wei-Xin Han, Ze-Yan Zhao

Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China.

Correspondence to: Dr. Hui Bu, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China.
E-mail: buhuimy1@163.com
How to cite this article: Guo XS, Bu H, He JY, Zou YL, Zhao Y, Li YY, Cui JZ, Zheng MM, Han WX, Zhao ZY. Current diagnosis and treatment
of cryptococcal meningitis without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Neuroimmunol Neuroinflammation 2016;3:249-56.

Dr. Hui Bu works in the Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University as Vice Director,
Chief physician, and Postgraduate tutor; and as Secretary for Infection and cerebrospinal fluid study group in
neurology branch of CMA. Her major research direction is the inflammatory disease of central nervous system,
cerebrovascular disease and so on.

ABSTRACT
Article history: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a central nervous system infectious disease caused by
Received: 19-02-2016 Cryptococcus. It is the most common fungal infection in the central nervous system, accounting
Accepted: 02-11-2016 for about 48% of fungal infection. The disease occurs mainly in acquired immunodeficiency
Published: 18-11-2016 syndrome (AIDS) patients and concentrates in the immunocompromised people without AIDS.
There are nearly one million new cases of CM each year, and about 70% of them died. In China,
Key words: CM occurs mainly in people without AIDS and there is an increasing trend in recent years. Early
Cryptococcal meningitis, diagnosis and treatment is the key to reducing morbidity and mortality associated with CM.
without AIDS, The diagnosis mainly depends on laboratory examination such as morphological examination,
diagnosis, fungal culture and antigen detection. History, clinical manifestation and imaging examination
treatment are the important parts of auxiliary examination. The initial combined antifungal treatment
is emphasized, and the principle of fractional treatment including induction, consolidation
and maintenance therapy should be followed. The high intracranial pressure must be reduced
actively at the same time. In addition, it is proved that the novel immunotherapy combined
with antifungal agents can improve the curative effect and limit the chance of antimicrobial
resistance. Large-scale clinical trials are needed for further study.

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