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Zhang et al. Chem Synth 2023;3:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/cs.2022.40 Page 29 of 35

Although psaAWH has made considerable progress and demonstrated the potential for alleviating water
shortages, there are still some difficulties, and further progress is needed. Extensive efforts have been made
to accelerate the adsorption/desorption kinetics of adsorbents, such as the development of hierarchical pore
structures, incorporation of photothermal materials, etc. However, these strategies do not fundamentally
accelerate the intracrystalline diffusion of water molecules in microporous adsorbents, which is the key to
achieving high water absorption at low RH. Based on the previous discussion, the construction of water-
molecule superfluid channels in adsorbents is a feasible strategy for solving this problem. It has been
reported that the superfluidity of water molecules can be realized by adjusting the size and hydrophilicity of
the confined channels . In recent reports, it has also been found that the intracrystalline diffusion rate of
[174]
microporous adsorbents can be improved by adjusting the size of the pore and the number of active
sites [29,151] . Therefore, based on the mechanism by which superfluidity is generated, reasonable optimization
of the adsorbent pores has great potential for realizing water molecule superfluidity in adsorbents and
greatly promoting kinetic processes.

DECLARATIONS
Authors’ contributions
Prepared the manuscript: Zhang S, Ben T
Corrected the manuscript: Fu J, Xing G, Zhu W

Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.

Financial support and sponsorship
The research was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFA1200400), the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91956108, 21871103, 22001191), the Natural Science Foundation
of Zhejiang Province (No. LZ22B010001, LQ23B040003), the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science
Foundation (2022M722829) and the Jinhua Industrial Key Project (2022-3-144).

Conflicts of interest
All authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.

Consent for publication
Not applicable.

Copyright
© The Author(s) 2023.

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