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Luo et al. Carbon Footprints 2025, 4, 14 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/cf.2024.53 Page 9 of 24

Table 4. Distribution of the resident population across different districts of Shanghai
Seventh national census Mobile signaling data Seventh national census Mobile signaling data
District District
data (%) (%) data (%) (%)
Huangpu 2.73 2.14 Baoshan 9.22 9.42
Xuhui 4.59 3.79 Jiading 7.57 8.24
Changning 2.86 3.33 Pudong 23.44 25.66
Jing'an 4.03 3.8 Jinshan 3.4 2.46
Putuo 5.11 5.07 Songjiang 7.88 8.22
Hongkou 3.13 2.53 Qingpu 5.25 5.06
Yangpu 5.13 4.46 Fengxian 4.71 4.72
Minhang 10.95 11.1

Data source: 2020 national population census.

Table 5. Gender structure in Shanghai's administrative districts
Seventh national census Mobile signaling Seventh national census Mobile signaling
District District
data data data data
Huangpu 107.59 101.63 Baoshan 109.51 100.13
Xuhui 95.06 95.02 Jiading 116.83 114.4
Changning 90.91 98.5 Pudong 108.04 103.32
Jing'an 95.19 96.79 Jinshan 113.74 117.63
Putuo 97.14 101.68 Songjiang 114.7 107.42
Hongkou 97.17 96.43 Qingpu 120.39 120.64
Yangpu 97.91 103.05 Fengxian 116.78 117.26
Minhang 107.72 93.6

Data source: 2020 national population census.

Table 6. Age structure in Shanghai's administrative districts
Seventh national census data Mobile signaling data
District
0-14 15-65 ≥ 65 0-14 15-65 ≥ 65
Huangpu 8.67 72.84 18.48 8.74 73.72 17.54
Xuhui 9.79 69.6 20.61 9.39 71.48 19.13
Changning 8.89 70.46 20.65 9.11 71 19.89
Jing'an 9.31 68.72 21.97 10.78 70.2 19.02
Putuo 9.39 69.48 21.12 10.04 69.34 20.62
Hongkou 8.19 68.58 23.23 8.53 69.2 22.27
Yangpu 8.84 69.31 21.85 9.12 70.47 20.41
Minhang 10.86 75.11 14.02 9.57 76.91 13.52
Baoshan 10.01 74.61 15.39 8.54 74.72 16.74
Jiading 9.81 78.12 12.07 9.62 77.39 12.99
Pudong 10.48 74.53 14.99 10.03 76.32 13.65
Jinshan 9.22 73.75 17.03 9.54 70.75 19.71
Songjiang 10.7 78.39 10.91 10.76 76.87 12.37
Qingpu 8.86 79.58 11.56 9.31 76.79 12.9
Fengxian 9.28 76.96 13.76 9.21 77.92 12.87
Data source: 2020 national population census.