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Page 8 of 11                             Qin et al. Microstructures 2023;3:2023035  https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/microstructures.2023.34





































                                           *
                Figure 5. (A)Temperature-dependent Z  plots for B F-BT ceramics at 400 °C, (B) Combined Z" and M"/ε  spectroscopic plots at
                                                   1+x                                   0
                300 °C for x = 0.01, (C) Arrhenius plots and (D) the activation energy for the B F-BT ceramics.
                                                                    1+x

































                Figure 6. Ferroelectric properties of (A) PE loops at 60 kV/cm and associated (B) P  and E  of the B F-BT ceramics. (C) SE loops at 60
                                                                       r
                                                                                  1+x
                                                                           C
                kV/cm and (D) d  and d * 33  as a function of x concentration for the B F-BT ceramics; the inset image shows the temperature
                            33
                                                                 1+x
                dependence of d  for x = 0.01.
                          33
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