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Sun et al. Soft Sci. 2025, 5, 35 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ss.2025.21 Page 13 of 16

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the magnetic-dielectric FeCoNi@ZnIn S system with special core-shell structure was
2 4
successfully synthesized, which was annealed at different temperatures. These research findings show that
when the dielectric shell layer ZnIn S is introduced and the annealing temperature reaches 600 °C, FCNZ-
2 4
600 exhibits the RL of -52.4 dB at 1.9 mm and the EAB of 6.08 GHz at 1.53 mm. This is mainly attributed
min
to the synergistic effects among the interfacial polarization between the FeCoNi and ZnIn S core-shell
2 4
structures, the dielectric loss, and the magnetic loss. This work demonstrates that the core-shell structure
design of magnetic-dielectric synergistic composites is a practical approach for designing high-performance
EM wave absorption materials.

DECLARATIONS
Authors’ contributions
Project administration, conceptualization, investigation: Sun, R.; Lv, H.; Lian, G.; Huang, M.; You, W.;
Wang, L.; Che, R.
Writing - original draft, writing - review and editing: Sun, R.; Wang, L.; Che, R.

Availability of data and materials
Some results of supporting the study are presented in the Supplementary Materials. Other raw data that
support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Financial support and sponsorship
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52231007, 12327804,
T2321003, 22088101, 22405050), the National Key Research Program of China (Nos. 2024YFA1208902,
2024YFA1408000, 2021YFA1200600), the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality
(No. 24ZR1406400), Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (Nos. 202400180P9001, 2024M0730P9001),
Key Laboratory of High Temperature Electromagnetic Materials and Structure of MOE (No. KB202401),
Fund of Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory (No. JCKYS2023120201),
and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (No. 24KXZNA06).

Conflicts of interest
Che, R. is Guest Editor of Special Issue “Flexible Materials for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and
Shielding” of the journal Soft Science. Che, R. was not involved in any steps of editorial processing, notably
including reviewers’ selection, manuscript handling and decision making. The other authors declare that
there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.

Consent for publication
Not applicable.

Copyright
© The Author(s) 2025.

REFERENCES
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