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Turner et al. LPS preconditioning neuroprotective

to the brain, but acute LPS preconditioning provides American Foundation of Pharmaceutical Education
“inflamaprepping” that primes the nervous system Pre-doctoral Fellowship. Brandon Lucke-Wold also
for response to injury. [43] Although inflamaprepping received a Neurosurgery Research and Education
is not a universal to all TBIs, it offers a potential Foundation Medical Student Summer Research
therapeutic advantage for a certain subset of Fellowship, a Sigma Xi Grants in Aid of Research,
individuals, namely soldiers and athletes. Soldiers American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists
and athletes are at increased risk of concussion and Pre-doctoral fellowship, and American Medical
subconcussive injury. Prevent injury and enhancing Association Foundation Seed Grant.
recovery in these individuals is receiving increasing
attention. Inflamaprepping with a systemically Conflicts of interest
injected agent such as low-dose LPS is clinically There are no conflicts of interest.
feasible and may limit gliosis and subsequent
glial scar formation by preparing the brain for Patient consent
trauma. Ultimately this would facilitate rapid No patients were involved.
axonal regeneration guided by preserved myelin
tracts. In the current study, we have shown that Ethical approval
inflamaprepping inhibits gliosis, downregulates the Ethical approval was obtained prior to the
OSMR receptor, and shifts the microglia phenotype commencement of the study.
balance away from the pro-inflammatory M1
state, thereby decreasing neurodegeneration and REFERENCES
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Financial support and sponsorship innate immune system. FASEB J 2005;19:1329-31.
Aric Logsdon and Brandon Lucke-Wold received an 11. Mills JD, Bailes JE, Sedney CL, Hutchins H, Sears B. Omega-3
14 Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation ¦ Volume 4 ¦ January 20, 2017