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Zhao et al. Neuroimmunol Neuroinflammation 2017;4:136-44 Neuroimmunology and
DOI: 10.20517/2347-8659.2017.01
Neuroinflammation

www.nnjournal.net
Topic: Infectious Disease of Central Nervous System Open Access

Developments in auxiliary examination of

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Wei Zhao , Jiao-Jiao Jiang , Jia-Tang Zhang 1
1
1,2
1 Department of Neurology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
2 Shijingshan Teaching Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Shijingshan Hospital, Beijing 100043, China.

Correspondence to: Prof. Jia-Tang Zhang, Department of Neurology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road,
Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China. E-mail: edwin-zhang@263.net
How to cite this article: Zhao W, Jiang JJ, Zhang JT. Developments in auxiliary examination of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neuroimmunol
Neuroinflammation 2017;4:136-44.

Prof. Jia-Tang Zhang, is a Chief Physician, Department of Neurology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA)
General Hospital. He is the committee member of Neurology Branch of Chinese Medical Association and of other
neurology academic societies. As the director, he takes charge of 5 national and PLA’s research projects and has
21 SCI articles published. His main studies focus on: the infectious disease in central nervous system, precision
medicine in cerebrovascular disease, neurological severe disease and neuropsychology.

ABSTRACT
Article history: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), which is caused by prion scrapie protein, is a rare, chronic,
Received: 03-01-2017 transmissible and fatal disease. Clinical manifestations of CJD include rapidly progressive
Accepted: 23-05-2017 dementia, cerebellar ataxia, visual disturbance, as well as pyramidal and extrapyramidal
Published: 21-07-2017 tract signs. Four subtypes of CJD have been reported, including sporadic, familial or genetic,
iatrogenic and variant. Given the infectiousness and high mortality of the disease, it is
Key words: imperative that earlier and more accurate diagnostic methods are developed. In the past years,
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, 14-3-3 protein testing and periodic sharp wave complexes in electroencephalogram have been
14-3-3 protein, widely used in CJD clinical diagnosis; and the abnormal hyper-intensity in diffusion weighted
electroencephalogram, imaging has also been used. Recently, there has been a focus on the diagnostic value of
diffusion weighted imaging, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography. New findings
diffusion tensor imaging, of potential biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid and decreases in diffusion tensor imaging
magnetic resonance spectroscopy, measures have emerged as having an association with CJD. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron has also drawn attention as an emerging method for diagnosis. In this review, the progress in
emission tomography/computed auxiliary examinations of CJD is discussed and the potential, future diagnostic methods are
tomography introduced.

INTRODUCTION transmissible spongiform encephalopathy with a
subacute disease course, a long incubation period and
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare human a mortality rate of 100%. CJD is associated with central

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