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Kumar et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2018;2:19  I  http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2018.26                                         Page 9 of 15


                    OS (%)  NR  NR   NR  94.7   (3 years)  NR  NR  NR  NR  NR  NR




                    Recurrence   (%)  27.3 (OR),  5.8 (LR)  11.2(LR)  NR  26.3 (OR)  5.5 (OR)  NR  14.3  NR  NR  30/31.2 (OR),  6.0/11.4 (LR)





                    Median   follow-up   (months)  24  38 (6-81)  NR  NR  23.6   (11.9-41.4)   NR  14  NR  NR  26.3 




                    Median   positive LN,   n (%)  2.2 (71)  9 (56.2)  7  7 (15.2)  28  3(38)   0  20  16.5  28.0/41.2



                    Median LN   yield (n)  6 (2-14)  9.1 (3-19)  23  19.5 (3-43)  17 (7-27)  4.1 (1-13)   7 (2-23)   19 (5-47)  19 (5-62)   6.6 (0-25)/  6.4 (1-14)




                    Hospital stay   (days)  9 (7-35)  9.9 (7-14)  11  22.9 (9-64)  25.5 (9-56)   7.5 (5-12)  10 (5-24)   8 (6-13)  8 (6-15)   NA





                    Overall   morbidity   (%)  20.6  31.2  7.4  43.47  16.7  25  29  14  30.6  4/20 NACT/RT: neo-adjuvant chemotherapy/radiotherapy; LN: lymph node; OR: overall recurrence; LR: local recurrence; OS: overall survival; LL: laparoscopic lateral pelvic lymph node dissection; RL: robotic  One of the initial reports on laparoscopic multi visceral resection comes from Bretagnol et al. [21] . In this study, there were 12 locally advanced rectal cancers  with adjac
                 Table 2. Case series of laparoscopic/robotic lateral pelvic lymph node dissection and outcomes

                    Conversion   to open (%)  0  0  NR  0  0  0  0  0  0  0





                    Median   blood loss,   mL (range)  44 (20-240)   for UL  188   (50-370)  150  252   (25-1267)  380   (10-930)  48   (20-100)  200   (50-700)   27 (5-690)  25 (0-690)   34.6/50.6   for UL




                    Median   operative   time, min   (range)  58 (42-94)   for UL  310   (220-510)  271  641   (356-984)  603.7   (473-746)  38 (20-51)   for UL  396   (170-581)   476   (320-68)  455   (249-683)   41.0/35.3   for UL



                    NACT/RT   (%)  100  56  NR  52.2  0  100  86  12   11.8  NR lateral pelvic lymph node dissection; UL: unilateral; NA: not available; NR: not reported




                    Number of   patients (n)  34 (LL)  16   (14 LL, 2 RL)  68  (LL)  46  (LL)  18 (LL)  8 (RL)  21  (11 RL, 10 LL)  50 (RL)  85 (RL)  85   (50 RL, 35 LL)





                    Year   2011  2011  2011  2016  2015  2012  2014  2015  2016  2018         carefully selected patients.




                    Study  Liang [58]  Park et al. [59]  Liu et al. [60]  Nagayoshi   et al. [62]  Furuhata   et al. [65]  Park et al. [66]  Bae et al. [67]  Kagawa   et al. [68]  Yamaguchi   et al. [69]  Kim et al. [70]
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