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Dave et al.                                                                                                                                                                                          Nibrin expression in OSCC

           patients strong Nibrin  expression  was associated    the head and neck. Semin Oncol 2004;31:755-68.
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           with weak expression. Ehlers et al.  have also found   and neck squamous cell carcinoma 3: clinicopathological applications.
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           that in uveal melanoma, the 6-year survival was 100%   9.   Oral Oncol 2000;36:404-13.
                                                                 Nagpal JK, Das BR. Oral cancer: reviewing the present understanding
           for the low NBS1 group and 22% for the high NBS1      of its molecular mechanisms and exploring the future directions for its
           group (P  =  0.01). In the breast  carcinoma, patients   effective management. Oral Oncol 2003;39:213-21.
           with NBS1-aberrant tumors seemed to have poorer    10.  Nagai MA. Genetic  alterations  in head and neck squamous cell
           survival than the patients with NBS1 normal tumors.   carcinomas. Braz J Med Biol Res 1999;32:897-904.
           This indicates that the NBS1 deficiency predicts poor   11.  Vilenchik MM, Knudson AG Jr. Inverse radiation dose-rate effects on
           survival of the breast carcinoma patients. [34]       somatic and germ-line mutations and DNA damage rates. Proc Natl
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           In conclusion, our study discovered that a Nibrin protein   12.  Arnott RD, Bernstein PL. What risk premium is “normal”? Financial
                                                                 Analyst J 2002;58:64-85.
           expression is significant in lower tumor size and early   13.  Petrini JH. The Mre11 complex and ATM: collaborating to navigate S
           stage disease in OSCC indicating its role in early event   phase. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2000;12:293-6.
           of disease  progression.  Further, high  incidence  of   14.  Karran P. DNA double strand break repair in mammalian cells. Curr
           disease relapse was found to be present in early stage   Opin Genet Dev 2000;10:144-50.
           patients with strong Nibrin expression. Thus, it could   15.  D’Amours D, Jackson SP.  The Mre11 complex:  at the crossroads
           be used as a favorable prognostic factor in developing   of DNA repair and checkpoint signaling.  Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
           disease  recurrence  in  patients  with early  stage   2002;3:317-27.
           disease. Further, among various cancers, the different   16.  Cerosaletti KM, Lange E, Stringham HM, Weemaes CM, Smeets D,
                                                                 Sölder B, Belohradsky BH, Taylor AM, Karnes P, Elliott A, Komatsu
           patterns of the Nibrin expression have observed which   K, Gatti RA, Boehnke M, Concannon P. Fine localization  of the
           indicates that the expression of Nibrin is important in   Nijmegen breakage syndrome gene to 8q21: evidence for a common
           cancer development and progression with cancer cell   founder haplotype. Am J Hum Genet 1998;63:125-34.
           type specificity, although the mechanism behind it is   17.  Nelms BE, Maser RS, MacKay JF, Lagally MG, Petrini JH. In situ
           unclear.                                              visualization of DNA double-strand break repair in human fibroblasts.
                                                                 Science 1998;280:590-2.
           Financial support and sponsorship                  18.  Pandita  TK, Pathak  S, Geard  CR. Chromosome  end  associations,
           This work was supported by the Gujarat Cancer Society   telomeres  and telomerase  activity  in ataxia  telangiectasia  cells.
                                                                 Cytogenet Cell Genet 1995;71:86-93.
           and the Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute.     19.  Metcalfe JA, Parkhill J, Campbell L, Stacey M, Biggs P, Byrd PJ,
                                                                 Taylor AM. Accelerated telomere shortening in ataxia telangiectasia.
           Conflicts of interest                                 Nat Genet 1996;13:350-3.
           There are no conflicts of interest.                20.  Lim DS, Kim ST, Xu B, Maser RS, Lin J, Petrini JH, Kastan MB.
                                                                 ATM phosphorylates  p95/nbs1 in an S-phase checkpoint  pathway.
           Patient consent                                       Nature 2000;404:613-7.
           Patient consent was obtained from the patients.    21.  Zhao S, Weng YC, Yuan SS, Lin YT, Hsu HC, Lin SC, Gerbino E,
                                                                 Song MH, Zdzienicka MZ, Gatti RA, Shay JW, Ziv Y, Shiloh Y, Lee
           Ethics approval                                       EY. Functional  link between  ataxia-telangiectasia  and Nijmegen
                                                                 breakage syndrome gene products. Nature 2000;405:474-7.
           Ethics approval was obtained from the Gujarat      22.  Wu X, Ranganathan V, Weisman DS, Heine WF, Ciccone DN, O’
           Cancer and Research Institute.                        Neill TB, Crick KE, Pierce KA, Lane WS, Rathbun G, Livingston
                                                                 DM,  Weaver  DT.  ATM  phosphorylation  of  Nijmegen  breakage
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