Page 64 - Read Online

Anand et al. J Cancer Metastasis Treat 2019;5:6 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-4722.2018.98 Page 9 of 14

Figure 4. Monitoring of distant metastases of breast tumor cells in nude mice treated with conventional or combination photodynamic
therapy (PDT). 4T1 murine breast carcinoma cells were implanted in the breast fat pad of nude mice, and distant metastases were
monitored by bioluminescence signals originating from metastatic sites using an in vivo imaging system instrument. Metastatic spread
of 4T1 tumor cells (3 weeks post PDT) in mice representing (A) vehicle only; (B) capecitabine (CPBN) only; (C) vehicle + PDT; and (D)
CPBN + PDT are shown. Observed organ sites of metastases, including lymph nodes (LN), lung (Lng), spleen (Sp) and skin (Sk) are
indicated. Note the significant reduction in the incidence of metastases in CPBN + PDT treated mice

immunohistochemical analyses were only able to reveal 4T1 metastases in the lungs and skin, possibly due
to the difference in sensitivity of detection between IVIS and hematoxylin and eosin methods. IVIS is an
[43]
in vivo optical imaging system capable of detecting signal from as fewer as 3 cells implanted in a mouse ,
as compared to a few hundred cells required to form a tumor nest that can be detected histologically by