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Jiang et al. Hepatoma Res 2020;6:52 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-5079.2020.47 Page 5 of 13

Table 2. Population-based sex-specific age-standardised 5-year relative survival rates of primary liver cancer in selected
countries
Age-standardised 5-year RSR (%)
Region Year
Male Female
Singapore [13] 1968-1972 5.0 3.0
1973-1977 1.0 6.0
1978-1982 3.0 8.0
1983-1987 2.0 3.0
1988-1992 3.0 2.0
Europe [16] 1990-1994 6.2 6.7
Austria [16] 1990-1994 7.0 -
Czech Republic [16] 1990-1994 1.1 3.4
Denmark [16,23,24] 1989-1993 3.0 3.0
1990-1994 - 2.3
1994-1998 4.0 4.0
1999-2003 3.0 5.0
England [16] 1990-1994 6.1 7.2
Estonia [16] 1990-1994 5.5 -
Finland [16,23,24] 1989-1993 4.0 5.0
1990-1994 3.9 4.4
1994-1998 7.0 7.0
1999-2003 8.0 8.0
Iceland [23,24] 1989-1993 14.0 -
1994-1998 7.0 -
1999-2003 7.0 -
France [16,19] 1989-1997 8.0 9.0
1990-1994 6.9 -
Germany [16] 1990-1994 - 3.8
Italy [16] 1990-1994 6.2 8.6
The Netherlands [16] 1990-1994 6.2 5.8
Norway [16,23,24] 1989-1993 6.0 8.0
1990-1994 2.1 3.2
1994-1998 5.0 11.0
1999-2003 5.0 11.0
Poland [16] 1990-1994 - 1.3
Scotland [16] 1990-1994 - 4.8
Slovakia [16] 1990-1994 - 1.8
Slovenia [16] 1990-1994 - 4.9
Spain [16] 1990-1994 10.4 11.6
Sweden [16,23,24] 1989-1993 5.0 3.0
1990-1994 2.9 3.1
1994-1998 6.0 7.0
1999-2003 7.0 8.0
Switzerland [16] 1990-1994 5.9 -
Wales [16] 1990-1994 5.1 6.3
-: No reports or non-available in the original articles; RSR: relative survival rate

[11]
[26]
the age-specific 5-year RSRs from Europe [16,17,36] , USA , Japan , Canada [30,31] , Korea , and China [39-41]
[15]
in the period between 1990-2010. The 5-year RSRs decreased with age. The rates of patients aged 15-44,
followed by those aged 45-54, were higher than other age groups, while the prognosis of patients aged 75
[30]
or older was poor. In the age groups of 35-44 and 45-54, the rate in Canada (2004-2006) was markedly
[11]
higher than that in other regions. In the age 65-74 group, the rate of Korea (2006-2010) was markedly
higher than that in other regions, and that in those age 75 or older, was highest in the Zhejiang Province
[41]
(2005-2010) of China compared to other regions or countries. Of note however, some reports estimate
RSRs after excluding DCO and autopsy cases [11-14,18,21,22,24,26,28,30,31,35,36,39,40,42-45] .