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Briz et al. Liver cancer chemoresistance

to induce EMT via modulation of EGFR pathways Mutua Madrileña (Call 2015), the Fundación Samuel
in HCC cells is galectin-1 (Gal-1). [25] Dysregulation Solórzano Barruso (FS/7-2013 and FS/10-2014).
of Gal-1 expression in HCC cells leads to an over-
activation of FAK/PI3K/AKT and H-Ras/Raf/ERK Conflicts of interest
pathways resulting in enhanced phosphorylation of There are no conflicts of interest.
AKT, mTOR and p70 kinases and up-regulation of
the αvβ3 integrin expression. A consequence of the Patient consent
dysregulation of these pathways is EMT induction There is no patient involved.
and higher resistance to sorafenib. Moreover, high
levels of Gal-1 in tumors are associated with impaired Ethics approval
sorafenib response and reduced overall survival of
patients with HCC. [25] This review paper is waived for ethics approval.

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