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Yu et al. Hepatoma Res. 2025;11:29 | https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-5079.2025.47 Page 5 of 12

Table 1. Baseline characteristics and clinical features (n = 130)
sirAE group, n (%) Control group, n (%) P
N = 46 N = 84

Age, years
< 60 21 (45.65) 35 (41.67) 0.661
≥ 60 25(54.35) 49 (58.33)
Gender
Female 7 (15.22) 14 (16.67) 0.830
Male 39 (84.78) 70 (83.33)
BCLC stage
B 16 (34.78) 18 (21.43) 0.098
C 30 (65.22) 66 (78.57)
HBV
No 10 (21.74) 11 (13.10) 0.200
Yes 36 (78.26) 73 (86.90)
ECOG PS
0 40 (86.96) 69 (82.14) 0.476
> 0 6 (13.04) 15 (17.86)
Child-Pugh
5 22 (47.83) 57 (67.86) 0.025
> 5 24 (52.17) 27 (32.14)
Cirrhosis
No 13 (28.26) 52 (61.90) 0.000
Yes 33 (71.74) 32 (38.10)
AFP (ng/mL)
< 400 23 (50.00) 36 (42.86) 0.434
≥ 400 23 (50.00) 48 (57.14)
CD4/CD8 2.65 ± 2.63 2.09 ± 1.15 0.094
NK 20.19 ± 9.43 21.37 ± 8.96 0.483
B 8.27 ± 5.61 9.35 ± 4.39 0.227
NLR 1.79 ± 1.16 3.42 ± 1.58 0.000
NKT 3.60 ± 3.77 3.89 ± 3.48 0.661
Treg 6.07 ± 4.97 9.79 ± 5.24 0.000
Lymphocytes 37.43 ± 16.39 25.50 ± 11.72 0.000
CD3 69.26 ± 14.08 67.56 ± 12.61 0.481
CD4 35.78 ± 8.38 37.80 ± 9.16 0.218
CD8 31.23 ± 11.26 29.75 ± 9.05 0.415
TBIL 12.93 ± 8.57 13.06 ± 8.93 0.938
DBIL 6.95 ± 5.20 7.87 ± 4.90 0.317
ALT 19.34 ± 8.83 19.54 ± 7.56 0.890
AST 23.46 ± 10.45 22.95 ± 10.72 0.794
Cr 58.23 ± 25.86 44.18 ± 31.87 0.012
ALB 41.55 ± 7.29 42.18 ± 7.54 0.647
sirAE: Severe immune-related adverse event; BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; HBV: chronic hepatitis B virus; ECOG PS: Eastern Cooperative
Oncology Performance Status; Child-Pugh: Child-Pugh-Turcotte score; AFP: alpha-fetoprotein; CD4: cluster of differentiation 4; CD8: cluster of
differentiation 8; NK: natural killer cell; B: B lymphocyte; NLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; NKT: natural killer T cell; Treg: regulatory T cell;
CD3: cluster of differentiation 3; TBIL: total bilirubin; DBIL: direct bilirubin; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; Cr:
creatinine; ALB: albumin.