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Glushenkov. Energy Mater 2023;3:300010 Energy Materials
DOI: 10.20517/energymater.2022.70

Research Highlight Open Access

Recent commentaries on the expected performance,

advantages and applications of sodium-ion batteries

1,2,*
Alexey M. Glushenkov
1
Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
2
Battery Storage and Grid Integration Program, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
*Correspondence to: Prof. Alexey M. Glushenkov, Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Building 137,
Sullivans Creek Rd, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. E-mail: alexey.glushenkov@anu.edu.au

How to cite this article: Glushenkov AM. Recent commentaries on the expected performance, advantages and applications of
sodium-ion batteries. Energy Mater 2023;3:300010. https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/energymater.2022.70

Received: 31 Oct 2022 First Decision: 5 Dec 2022 Revised: 23 Jan 2023 Accepted: 3 Feb 2023 Published: 3 Mar 2023

Academic Editors: Wei Tang, Jiazhao Wang, Yuping Wu Copy Editor: Fangling Lan Production Editor: Fangling Lan

Keywords: Sodium-ion batteries, lithium-ion batteries, performance, industrial developments

Sodium-ion (Na-ion) batteries represent an interesting and emerging alternative to the currently prominent
lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. They operate on the same “rocking chair” principle, in which shuttle ions
(sodium ions, in this instance) move reversibly between the positive and negative electrodes, inserting
themselves into one of these and de-inserting themselves from the counter electrode. Historically, Na-ion
and Li-ion batteries emerged in parallel in the 1970s; however, the spotlight shifted to lithium considerably
in the 1980s, leading to the commercialization of Li-ion batteries by Sony in 1991 and the subsequent
emergence of a number of Li-ion battery subclasses [including the lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium
managanese oxide (LMO), nickel cobalt aluminum (NCA), nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) and lithium
iron phosphate (LFP) battery chemistries]. Sodium-ion batteries returned to the research community’s
attention in the 2000s and 2010s decades due to concerns about the limited reserves of lithium and,
subsequently, cobalt precursors. The research in this area flourished and a significant number of papers
[1,2]
(hundreds) were published per year . The research in this area generated significant excitement, with
some contributors expecting sodium-ion batteries to be an equal or even superior alternative to Li-ion
technology.

© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
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