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Mao et al. Chem Synth 2023;3:26 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/cs.2022.41 Page 13 of 33

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Figure 8. (A). Schematic representation of the synthesis of Cu S -Au@PSI- F/PEG and its application to imaging in vivo [105] ; (B) CT and
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PAI imaging; and (C) MRI imaging in vivo; (D) Schematic representation of Cu Se /Bi Se @PEG preparation; and (E) and (F) PAI (G)
2-x
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and (H) CT and (I), (J), and (K) MRI multimodal imaging-guided cancer diagnosis and treatment in vivo [106] . (A)-(C): Copyright ©
American Chemical Society 2018; (D)-(J): Copyright © Royal Society of Chemistry 2013. CDT: chemodynamic therapy; CT: computed
tomography; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; PDT: photodynamic therapy; PTI: photothermal imaging; PTT: photothermal therapy.
CuS nanoparticle named RGD-CuS-Cy , which demonstrated strong NIR fluorescence. And CT contrast
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medium can accurately distinguish metastatic sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) metastasis of gastric cancers, as
mentioned earlier .
[107]
Magnetic resonance imaging
From another aspect, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the best commendable imaging
techniques that can detect deeper soft tissues with inappreciable injury [108-110] . MRI provides more
information than other imaging technologies in medical imaging and does not cause photo-agent allergy or
ionizing radiation damage. Additionally, MRI has higher density resolution [111-113] than other imaging
methods. Conventional H MRI suffers from a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) because of the higher
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moisture content in the body. Cui et al. reported the polymorphous NCs, including the F and Cu S -Au
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nanoparticles, for newly guided PTT using F-MRI and CT imaging [105,114] . The background was negligible,
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and the MRI images were shown in Figure 8C. Another material, CB3@PEG nano-heterostructures, have