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Mueller et al. Vessel Plus 2018;2:13 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2018.19 Page 5 of 10

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Table 3. Inflammatory plasmatic biomarkers according to TBR values of FDG-PET-CT in symptomatic or asymptomatic
patients with carotid stenosis (median values)
TBR ≥ 1.9 TBR < 1.9 P value
(n = 56), pg/mL (n = 55), pg/mL
MMP-9 227,612 253,273 0.9014
MMP-8 10,263 10,181 0.83
MMP-3 22,183 20,670 0.8273
MMP-2 328,626 365,796 0.0268
TNF-α 4.8600 5.5600 0.1018
ICAM-1 276,728 290,987 0.85
VCAM-1 959,190 1,020,700 0.4242
P-selectin 102,491 87,460 0.5672
E-selectin 38,700 38,744 0.5514
RANTES 51,396 41,367 0.0387
MCP-1 283 283 1.0000
MPO 73 88 0.1969
IL-6 1.3500 1.4900 0.6376
IL-1 1742 1934 0.3514
lp-PLA2 130 125 0.6187
MMP: matrix-metalloproteases; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; ICAM: intercellular adhesion molecule; VCAM: vascular cell adhesion
molecule; MCP: monocyte chemoattractant protein; MPO: myeloperoxidase; IL: interleukin; lp-PLA2: lipoprotein-associated phospholipase;
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TBR: target to background ratio; FDG-PET-CT: Fluorodoeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography
10 6

PANTES pg/mL 10 5 4

10

10 3
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
TBR

Figure 1. Correlation between RANTES and target to background ratio (TBR) values, rho 0.249 (P = 0.008)

We found a significant correlation between higher FDG uptake (TBR ≥ 1.9) [Table 3] and the plasmatic
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levels of chemokine RANTES (P = 0.03). The correlation between RANTES and TBR values was of rho 0.249
(P = 0.008) [Figure 1].

There were higher levels of ICAM-1 (P = 0.03) in MES+ patients [Table 4]. The correlation with the number
of MES was of rho = 0.21 (P = 0.03).

The predictive values of RANTES and ICAM-1 are shown on Table 5.

MMP-2 levels were more important in patients with lower TBR values (P = 0.02) and MMP-3 and P-selectin
in those who were MES- (respectively P = 0.001 and P = 0.009) [Tables 3 and 4]. There was an inverse
correlation between number of MES and MMP-3 with rho = -0.319 (P = 0.0008) and number of MES and
P-selectin with rho = -0.26 (P = 0.006).