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Page 10 of 14 Barioli et al. Vessel Plus 2024;8:13 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2023.68

revascularization, 11.5%, P < 0.028), and on stenting and post-
CHF, and stroke) multivariate analysis, CAE was PPCI TIMI 3 flow
not an independent predictor of
MACE (HR: 0.62, 95%CI: 0.29-
1.31; P = 0.209)
Amirzadegan 87 CAE pts Retrospective 1 year MACE (mortality, CAE was significantly associated At multivariate
et al., undergoing PCI nonfatal MI, repeated with urgent repeat analysis, CAE not
2020 [67] revascularization, and revascularization (HR: 2.40; associated with
stroke) 95%CI: 1.13-5.86; P = 0.013). No MACE (HR: 1.65,
differences in all-cause mortality 95%CI: 1.08-4.78;
and nonfatal MI P = 0.391)
Baldi et al., 154 CAE STEMI pts Retrospective 3.3 years Recurrent MI at the After PPCI, the corrected TIMI All-cause mortality
[68]
(2022) vs. 380 non-CAE with PS longest available frame count (P < 0.001) and and cardiac death
STEMI pts weighting follow-up myocardial blush grade were comparable
(P < 0.001) were lower in CAE between study
pts. At multivariate analysis, the groups
risk for the primary outcome
was significantly higher in pts
with CAE (aHR: 1.84; P = 0.017)
Campanile 101 acute MI pts Retrospective 2 years MACE (cardiac death, Procedural success was 70.3%.
et al., with IRA Ectasia MI recurrence, and Incidence of MACE was 6.9%,
[69]
2014 new 17.8%, and 38.5% at 30-day, 1-
revascularisation) year, and 2-year f/u,
respectively. 8.9% had ST
Bogana 25 CAE STEMI vs. Retrospective 36.6 Procedural success. CAA group had less
Shanmugam et 80 non-CAE STEMI months MACE (death, angiographic success
al., emergency revasc, (24% vs. 77%; P < 0.01) and
[44]
2017 nonfatal MI, or higher MACE (44.0% vs. 16.3%,
unstable angina) P = 0.01), driven by nonfatal MI,
TVR, and sudden death
Ipek et al., 99 STEMI pts with Retrospective 1 year In-hospital and 1-year Higher rates of no-reflow in CAE
2016 [43] ectatic IRA vs. 1,556 MACE pts (13.1% vs. 5.4%, P = 0.004),
STEMI pts with no no differences in in-hospital or 1-
ectatic IRA year mortality, TVR or ST
Erden et al., 31 MI pts with IRA Retrospective Post- TIMI flow grade, TIMI TIMI Flow Grade < 3, TIMI IRA Ectasia was an
2010 [70] Ectasia vs. 612 MI discharge myocardial perfusion Myocardial Perfusion Grade < 3, independent
pts without IRA grade < 3, thrombus and Distal embolization were predictor of
Ectasia burden score, and more frequent in pts with IRA adverse procedural
distal embolization Ectasia (11.6% vs. 41.9%, outcomes
P < 0.001; 24.6% vs. 61.2%,
P < 0.001 and 9.1% vs. 38.7%,
P < 0.001, respectively).
Thrombus burden score was
higher in the CAE subgroup
(4.48 vs. 4.97, P = 0.004)
Doi et al., 51 MI pts with CAE Retrospective 49 MACE (cardiac death CAE was a predictor of MACE Higher MACE in
2017 [38] vs. 1,647 MI pts with PSM months and nonfatal MI). (HR: 3.25, 95%CI: 1.88-5.66; pts on Warfarin
without CAE Individual P < 0.001), cardiac death (HR: with %TTR < 60%
components of the 2.7, 95%CI: 1.37-5.37; or in those not
composite outcome P = 0.004), and nonfatal MI anticoagulated.
(HR: 4.92, 95%CI: 2.20-11.0;
P < 0.001). The association
was confirmed both in
multivariate and in a PS-
matched cohort analysis
Araiza- 539 STEMI pts Retrospective 1 month MACE (cardiogenic No statistically significant Rates of major
Garaygordobil treated with PPCI, shock, CHF, recurrent differences in MACE between bleeding were also
et al., 56 (10.3%) with MI, death). Survival at groups (HR: 0.87, 95%CI: 0.34 - comparable
[71]
2022 CAE 1 month 2.19, Log-rank P = 0.76). No
differences in survival at 1-month
f/u, regardless of DAPT or
interventional strategy used
Mir et al., 9,671 CAA pts Retrospective 30 days All-cause in-hospital Similar rates of in-hospital
[72]
2022 (52.7% non-ACS mortality and hospital mortality between CAA and
and 47.3% ACS) vs. readmission rate non-CAA pts (2.17% vs. 2.56%;
6,834,239 non-CAA P = 0.08). Hospital readmission
pts rate significantly higher for non-
CAA patients (non-CAA
13.8% vs. CAA 4.6%; P = 0.001)
Eid et al., 13,499 STEMI pts Meta-analysis 3.16 years Primary: all-cause All-cause mortality (OR: 0.95, Also, TVR and the
[73]
2023 undergoing PPCI mortality, MACE(s) 95%CI: 0.58-1.56; P = 0.79), need for