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Perezgrovas-Olaria et al. Vessel Plus 2023;7:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2022.54 Page 5 of 11

Table 1. Preoperative variables
Overall bCVG mCVG
Variable P -value
(n = 1,210) (n = 798) (n = 412)
Age (years), median [IQR] 59.00 [49.00, 69.00] 64.00 [55.00, 71.00] 50.00 [40.00, 59.00] < 0.001
Women 154 (12.7) 92 (11.5) 62 (15.0) 0.10
Men 1056 (87.3) 706 (88.5) 350 (85.0) 0.10
Family history of aortic disease 66 (5.5) 33 (4.1) 33 (8.0) 0.007
Smoking 473 (39.1) 309 (38.7) 164 (39.8) 0.76
Hypertension 1054 (87.1) 728 (91.2) 326 (79.1) < 0.001
Diabetes 77 (6.4) 60 (7.5) 17 (4.1) 0.03
Peripheral vascular disease 43 (3.6) 29 (3.6) 14 (3.4) 0.96
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 81 (6.7) 53 (6.6) 28 (6.8) 1.00
Connective tissue disease 97 (8.0) 24 (3.0) 73 (17.7) < 0.001
Renal dysfunction 121 (10.0) 70 (8.8) 51 (12.4) 0.06
Previous myocardial infarction 99 (8.2) 67 (8.4) 32 (7.8) 0.79
Previous cerebrovascular accident 120 (9.9) 78 (9.8) 42 (10.2) 0.89
Previous open-heart surgery 232 (19.2) 118 (14.8) 114 (27.7) < 0.001
Previous revascularization 73 (6.0) 58 (7.3) 15 (3.6) 0.02
NYHA Class III/IV 407 (33.6) 307 (38.5) 100 (24.3) < 0.001
LVEF (%), median [IQR] 49.00 [40.00, 50.00] 45.00 [45.00, 50.00] 50.00 [40.00, 50.00] 0.07
Hypotensive at presentation 14 (1.2) 7 (0.9) 7 (1.7) 0.33
Dissection at presentation 147 (12.1) 68 (8.5) 79 (19.2) < 0.001
Paraparesis at presentation 4 (0.3) 2 (0.3) 2 (0.5) 0.88
Urgent/emergent procedure 236 (19.5) 99 (12.4) 137 (33.3) < 0.001
Aneurysm size (cm), median [IQR] 5.50 [5.30, 6.00] 5.40 [5.20, 5.80] 5.90 [5.40, 6.50] < 0.001

Variables are presented as frequency count and percentage, unless otherwise noted. bCVG: Biological composite valve graft; IQR: interquartile
range; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; mCVG: mechanical composite valve graft; NYHA: New York Heart Association.

Table 2. Intraoperative data
Overall bCVG mCVG
Variable P -value
(n = 1,210) (n = 798) (n = 412)
Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest 281 (23.2) 162 (20.3) 119 (28.9) 0.001
Circulatory arrest time (min), median [IQR] 21.00 [18.00, 24.25] 21.00 [17.00, 23.50] 21.00 [18.00, 26.00] 0.58
CPB time (min), median [IQR] 129.00 [109.50, 157.00] 124.00 [104.50, 149.00] 138.00 [119.00, 171.00] < 0.001
a
Cardio-ischemic time (min) , median [IQR] 105.00 [89.00, 128.00] 102.00 [85.00, 121.00] 112.00 [96.00, 138.00] < 0.001
RCP time (min), median [IQR] 20.50 [18.00, 24.00] 21.00 [17.00, 23.50] 20.00 [18.00, 24.00] 0.77
Graft size (cm): Mean ± SD 25.65 ± 2.24 25.51 ± 1.99 25.91 ± 2.65 0.003

a
Variables are presented as count and percentage, unless otherwise noted. Cardio-ischemic time includes circulatory arrest time and cross-clamp
time. bCVG: Biological composite valve graft; CPB: cardiopulmonary bypass; IQR: interquartile range; mCVG: mechanical composite valve graft;
RCP: retrograde cerebral perfusion; SD: standard deviation.

between groups (6% for bCVG vs. 6.6% for mCVG, P = 0.81). Details of the postoperative outcomes are
available in Table 3.

Out of the 236 urgent/emergent procedures, 59 were acute dissections (25%). Operative mortality for all
urgent/emergent procedures was 2.1% and, for acute dissections, 1.7%.