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Kim et al. Soft Sci 2024;4:24 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ss.2024.09 Page 23 of 27

challenges, multifunctional wearable systems have been developed to achieve a wide range of personal
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health monitoring devices connected with the internet of things (IoT) . The integrated sensor systems
with large deformation proof, multi-module integration, multi-signal sensing, and fast response rate will
comprehensively enhance the body-attachable e-skins for biomedical applications. The rapid advancements
of e-skin systems are expected to revolutionize the healthcare industry and introduce new personalized
medical platforms without any spatiotemporal limitations.

DECLARATIONS
Authors’ contributions
Conceptualization, writing original draft: Kim KH
Revising the manuscript: Kim JH
Figure editing, investigation: Ko YJ
Project administration, supervision, review, and editing: Lee HE

Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.

Financial support and sponsorship
This work was supported by the Commercializations Promotion Agency for R&D Outcomes (COMPA)
grant funded by the Korean Government (Ministry of Science and ICT,2023) and the National Research
Foundation of Korea (NRF) grants funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIT)
(RS-2023-00278906, and NRF-2022R1A4A3033320).

Conflicts of interest
All authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval and consent to participate
All experiments involving humans or animals cited in the figures within the text have been reviewed and
approved by the relevant ethics committee, and for human experiments, informed consent has been
obtained from the participants.

Consent for publication
Not applicable.

Copyright
© The Author(s) 2024.

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