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Zhu et al. Soft Sci 2024;4:17 Soft Science
DOI: 10.20517/ss.2024.05

Review Article Open Access

Latest developments and trends in electronic skin

devices

2,*
1,*
1
Pengyu Zhu 1 , Zihan Li , Jinbo Pang , Peng He , Shuye Zhang 1,*
1
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
2
Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China.
* Correspondence to: Prof. Jinbo Pang, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, 336
Nanxinzhuang West Road, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China. E-mail: jinbo.pang@hotmail.com; Prof. Peng He, Assoc. Prof. Shuye
Zhang, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of
Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China. E-mail: nanojoin@hit.edu.cn;
syzhang@hit.edu.cn
How to cite this article: Zhu P, Li Z, Pang J, He P, Zhang S. Latest developments and trends in electronic skin devices. Soft Sci
2024;4:17. https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ss.2024.05
Received: 31 Jan 2024 First Decision: 8 Mar 2024 Revised: 2 Apr 2024 Accepted: 16 Apr 2024 Published: 14 May 2024

Academic Editors: Sang Min Won, Zhifeng Ren Copy Editor: Dong-Li Li Production Editor: Dong-Li Li

Abstract
The skin, a vital medium for human-environment communication, stands as an indispensable and pivotal element
in the realms of both production and daily life. As the landscape of science and technology undergoes gradual
evolution and the demand for seamless human-machine interfaces continues to surge, an escalating need emerges
for a counterpart to our biological skin - electronic skins (e-skins). Achieving high-performance sensing capabilities
comparable to our skin has consistently posed a formidable challenge. In this article, we systematically outline
fundamental strategies enabling e-skins with capabilities including strain sensing, pressure sensing, shear sensing,
temperature sensing, humidity sensing, and self-healing. Subsequently, complex e-skin systems and current major
applications were briefly introduced. We conclude by envisioning the future trajectory, anticipating continued
advancements and transformative innovations shaping the dynamic landscape of e-skin technology. This article
provides a profound insight into the current state of e-skins, potentially inspiring scholars to explore new
possibilities.

Keywords: Electronic skin, sensor, human-machine interface, multimodal, machine learning

© The Author(s) 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, sharing,
adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, for any purpose, even commercially, as
long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and
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