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Fan et al. Soft Sci 2024;4:11  https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ss.2023.47           Page 11 of 16


























































                Figure  5.  The  application  directions  of  leather  composites.  (A)  The  impact-resistant  and  impact-sensing  performances  of
                Leather/MXene/SSG/NWF [54] ; (B) The cooling and heating modes of leather/a-MWCNTs/CA all-weather  fabric [45] . Reprinted with
                permission. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH; (C) The optical image and IR camera images of intelligent thermoregulatory clothing [54] . SSG:
                Shear stiffening gel; NWF: nonwoven fabric; a-MWCNTs: acidified multiwalled carbon nanotubes.

               various functional materials, taking advantage of each other to obtain soft, wear-resistant, and editable
               intelligent leather composites. This perspective reviews the recent research progress of leather composites,
               summarizing and analyzing the existing preparation methods of leather composites. Furthermore, this work
               also emphasizes various popular application directions based on the different functionalities of leather
               composites, such as flexible sensors, electromagnetic interference shielding, flame retardant protection,
               impact-resistant safety protection devices, and intelligent thermoregulatory clothing. In addition, although
               great application prospects have been achieved on leather composites, there are still significant difficulties
               and challenges in practical applications.
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