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Fan et al. Soft Sci 2024;4:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ss.2023.47 Page 11 of 16
Figure 5. The application directions of leather composites. (A) The impact-resistant and impact-sensing performances of
Leather/MXene/SSG/NWF [54] ; (B) The cooling and heating modes of leather/a-MWCNTs/CA all-weather fabric [45] . Reprinted with
permission. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH; (C) The optical image and IR camera images of intelligent thermoregulatory clothing [54] . SSG:
Shear stiffening gel; NWF: nonwoven fabric; a-MWCNTs: acidified multiwalled carbon nanotubes.
various functional materials, taking advantage of each other to obtain soft, wear-resistant, and editable
intelligent leather composites. This perspective reviews the recent research progress of leather composites,
summarizing and analyzing the existing preparation methods of leather composites. Furthermore, this work
also emphasizes various popular application directions based on the different functionalities of leather
composites, such as flexible sensors, electromagnetic interference shielding, flame retardant protection,
impact-resistant safety protection devices, and intelligent thermoregulatory clothing. In addition, although
great application prospects have been achieved on leather composites, there are still significant difficulties
and challenges in practical applications.

