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Page 14 of 26 Wang et al. Soft Sci 2023;3:34 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ss.2023.25

Table 2. Room-temperature TE properties of carbon nanomaterials/inorganic composite films
S σ PF
Materials Preparation method 2 ZT Ref.
(μV/K) (S/cm) (μW/mK )
Bi Te / Ball-milling ~-128 ~80 140 ~ [85]
2 3
MWCNTs
Bi Te / Solvothermal method ~36.3 244.6 32.3 ~ [86]
2 3
SWCNTs
SnSe/ Lithium intercalation, thermal 49 588 ± 12 145 ± 28 0.003 [87]
SWCNTs annealing
rGO/Te NWs Solvothermal method 9.78 286 80 (313 K) ~ [88]
rGO/Ag Se NWs Wet-chemical approach, cold pressing -111.72 183.37 228.88 (331 K) ~ [89]
2
MOFs/ Vacuum filtration ~ ~ 98.1 0.037 [90]
SWCNTs
NWs: Nanowires; MOFs: metal-organic frameworks; TE: thermoelectric; ZT: thermoelectric figure of merit; MWCNTs: multi-walled carbon
nanotubes; rGO: reduced graphene oxide; SWCNTs: single-walled carbon nanotubes.

Figure 10. (A-F) SEM images of SWCNT/Bi Te composite films, corresponding to mass ratios of the SWCNTs to Bi Te 3
3
2
2
-0.6/0.8/1/5/10/15; (G-J) HRTEM of SWCNTs@Bi Te -5; (K) XRD patterns of a series of SWCNT@Bi Te films, pristine Bi Te power,
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2
3
2
3
3
©
and pristine SWCNT film. Reproduced with permission from Ref [86] . Copyright 2021. American Chemical Society. HRTEM: High-
resolution transmission electron microscopy; SEM: scanning electron microscope; SWCNT: single-walled carbon nanotube; XRD: X-ray
diffraction analysis.
A series of pioneering works were reported on the optimization of the process, analysis of microstructures,
and transmission mechanisms on TE properties of Ag Se-based materials. In 2019, researchers first
2
synthesized Ag Se NWs, then the NWs were vacuum-filtrated onto a nylon membrane and finally hot
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pressed at 200 °C and 24 MPa . The Ag Se film displayed a power factor of 987.4 ± 104.1 μW/mK at 300 K
[92]
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with an estimated ZT value of 0.6 [Figure 11]. The high TE performance was mainly attributed to the
particular Ag Se film. The Ag Se film showed excellent flexibility, and 93% of the original electrical
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