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Table 3: Cellular skin substitutes for diabetic chronic ulcers (costs at the time of writing should be treated
as a guide and have been converted into € currency where necessary; the name of the scaffold is present if the
product has no commercial name)
Study Cells Scaffold Product Sheet Cost € Follow- n Outcome Time
up cases % healing
(weeks) (days)
Vamos et al. [2] Neonatal Collagen seeded Apligraf 7.5 cm 763.26 12 82 51.5 84
allogeneic with neonatal diameter disc healing
keratinocytes allogeneic fibroblasts
Veves et al. [18] Neonatal Collagen seeded Apligraf 7.5 cm 763.26 12 112 56 65
allogeneic with neonatal diameter disc healing
keratinocytes allogeneic fibroblasts
Harvima et al. [19] Allogeneic Nylon Tegapore Not Not 11 18 100 64
keratinocytes commercially commercially wound
available available reduction
Bayram et al. [20] Allogeneic Polyethylene and Cytoline 1 Not Not 4 20 92 wound 30
keratinocytes silica commercially commercially reduction
available available
Sams et al. [21] Neonatal Collagen seeded Apligraf 7.5 cm 763.26 24 9 56 84
allogeneic with neonatal diameter healing
keratinocytes allogeneic fibroblasts disc
Marston et al. [22] Neonatal Polyglycolic acid Dermagraft 5 cm × 7.5 cm 326.52 12 130 30 84
allogeneic (Dexon™) or healing
fibroblasts polyglactin-910
(Vicryil™)
Caravaggi et al. [23] Autologous Benzyl ester of Hyalograft-3D 8 cm × 8 cm 1200.00 11 43 65.3 57
fibroblasts hyaluronic acid healing
You et al. [24] Allogeneic - Kaloderm Available Not yet 12 27 100 35
keratinocytes sizes: 9-16. licensed wound
25 and 56 cm 2 reduction
Lobmann et al. [25] Autologous Benzyl ester of Laserskin 10 cm × 10 cm 1200.00 12 14 78 41
keratinocytes hyaluronic acid healing
Vaienti et al. [7] Allogeneic Benzyl ester of HYAFF11 10 cm × 10 cm 1000.00 11 16 70 wound 42
keratinocytes hyaluronic acid reduction

therapies before they become acceptable for general use. the use of an advanced wound care device in the treatment of full‑thickness
The goal is to achieve the cellular therapy that “suits” wounds. Strategies Trauma Limb Reconstr 2013;8:111‑5.
the specific chronic wound microenvironment in diabetic 8. Rheinwald JG, Green H. Serial cultivation of strains of human epidermal
keratinocytes: the formation of keratinizing colonies from single cells. Cell
wounds in the future. However, large, randomized, and 1975;6:331‑43.
controlled clinical trials are required to confirm and 9. Falanga V, Saap LJ, Ozonoff A. Wound bed score and its correlation with
validate the clinical results of these novel skin substitutes. healing of chronic wounds. Dermatol Ther 2006;19:383‑90.
10. Spravchikov N, Sizyakov G, Gartsbein M, Accili D, Tennenbaum T,
Wertheimer E. Glucose effects on skin keratinocytes: implications for
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