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FUTURE DIRECTIONS 16. Antoniadis G, Richter HP. Pain after surgery for ulnar neuropathy at the
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Despite active clinical research, no gold standard treatment 20. Yamamoto T, Narushima M, Yoshimatsu H, Yamamoto N, Mihara M,
has been established, as no medical or surgical treatment Koshima I. Free anterolateral thigh flap with vascularized lateral femoral
has shown superiority over the others with regards to cutaneous nerve for the treatment of neuroma‑in‑continuity and
the rate and extent of clinical response. No treatment recurrent carpal tunnel syndrome after carpal tunnel release. Microsurgery
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among the myriad that have been described assures an 21. Mackinnon SE. Evaluation and treatment of the painful neuroma. Tech Hand
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can lead to very different outcomes in different patients, 22. Carroll I, Curtin CM. Management of chronic pain following nerve injuries/
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Currently, neither surgeons nor pain therapists are able to 23. Davis EN, Chung KC. The Tinel sign: a historical perspective. Plast Reconstr Surg
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predict, which patient will respond to treatment and for 24. Klauser AS, Tagliafico A, Allen GM, Boutry N, Campbell R, Court‑Payen M,
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All these data suggest that the key for improving our indications for musculoskeletal ultrasound: a Delphi‑based consensus paper of
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Transverse ultrasound assessment of median nerve deformation and
is likely to exist, and individual differences in biochemical displacement in the human carpal tunnel during wrist movements.
signals involved in nerve pain and their possible modulation Ultrasound Med Biol 2014;40:53‑61.
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promising fields of future investigation, which could 27. Padua L, Di Pasquale A, Liotta G, Granata G, Pazzaglia C, Erra C, Briani C,
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