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Neuroimmunol Neuroinflammation 2018;5:37 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2347-8659.2018.45 Page 3 of 9

ensues has prompted a lot of efforts in search for new means of neural rehabilitation. Low-energy He-Ne
[1]
laser irradiation has been proposed as a sensible choice . In the current experiment, sciatic nerves of 20
adult rats were crushed surgically. The subjects were randomly assigned into case and control groups. The
[2]
cases received daily laser irradiation (λ = 65 nm) for 4 min . The muscular function of the rats was tested
by angle board every 3 days, from the 3rd day postoperation. On the 27th day, all the rats were sacrificed
[3]
and the manipulated sciatic nerves were excised and studied histologically . The results showed significant
improvement of neural structure and muscular function in laser treated rats over the controls, as revealed
[4]
by angle board testing and microscopic examination . We conclude that low- energy He-Ne laser greatly
restores crushed sciatic nerves in rats and can be considered for clinical trails.

REFERENCES
1. Mashhoudi Barez M, Tajziehchi M, Heidari MH, Bushehri A, Moayer F, Mansouri N, Safavi Naini N, Movafagh A. Stimulation
effect of low level laser therapy on sciatic nerve regeneration in rat. J Lasers Med Sci 2017;8:S32-7.
2. Mester E, Mester AF, Mester A. The biomedical effects of laser application. Lasers Surg Med 1985;5:31-9.
3. Byrnes KR, Waynant RW, Ilev IK, Wu X, Barna L, Smith K, Heckert R, Gerst H, Anders JJ. Light promotes regeneration and
functional recovery and alters the immune response after spinal cord injury. Lasers Surg Med 2005;36:171-85.
4. Bagis S, Comelekoglu U, Sahin G, Buyukakilli B, Erdogan C, Kanik A. Acute electrophysiologic effect of pulsed gallium-
arsenide low energy laser irradiation on configuration of compound nerve action potential and nerve excitability. Lasers Surg Med
2002;30:376-80.

4. Building health research capacity in Africa for UHC: the profile of stroke in Jos,
North-Central Nigeria

Godwin Osaigbovo, Ganiyu Amusa, Salaam AJ, Lucius Chidiebere Imoh, Atiene Sagay

Jos University Teaching Hospital

Aim: To determine the risk factors associated with stroke, assess the case fatality 90 days post stroke,
determine the bad prognostic factors of stroke and assess the sensitivity and specificity of clinical sub-typing
of stroke using the WHO and Siriraj stroke scoring tools.

Methods: A longitudinal cohort study with a 90-day follow up for secondary outcome was carried out on
Stroke patients admitted into the neurology unit of Jos University teaching Hospital over a 2-year period,
September 1st 2016 to August 2018.

Results: A total of 246 stroke patients were admitted during the study period. Males were 131 (53.3%) and
females 115 (46.6%) with an age range of 59.5 ± 13.1 for males and 56.7 ± 14.2 for females. Hypertension
(81.7%), obesity (80.9%), dyslipidemia (54.5%), alcohol consumption (24.8%), carotid plaques (19.5%), cardiac
disease (19.1%) and diabetes mellitus (18.5%) were the commonest risk factors for stroke. The 90 days fatality
for stroke was 22%; however, 37% became disabled and unable to carry out activities of daily living without
support. Significant predictors of mortality and morbidity were: coma, elevated glycated hemoglobin, cardiac
disease, HIV infection and high National institute of health stroke score. WHO clinical stroke sub-typing
showed a sensitivity of 54.3% and a specificity of 86.3% while Siriraj has a sensitivity of 87.9% and specificity
of 84.9% for ischemic stroke, however, for hemorrhagic stroke, WHO sub-typing revealed a sensitivity of
86.3% and a specificity of 54.3% while Siriraj was found to have a sensitivity of 84.9% and specificity of 87.9%,
showing that Siriraj is a better tool for stroke categorization for appropriate management in areas where
neuroimaging is neither readily available nor affordable.