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Cui et al. Neuroimmunol Neuroinflammation 2017;4:167-78 Neuroimmunology and
DOI: 10.20517/2347-8659.2017.26
Neuroinflammation

www.nnjournal.net
Topic: Infectious Disease of Central Nervous System Open Access

Advancements in diagnosis and treatment of

meningeal carcinomatosis in solid cancer

Jun-Zhao Cui, Jun-Ying He, Qing Li, Xiao-Qing Li, Rui-Ping Gao, Hui Bu, Yue-Li Zou, Xiao-Su Guo,
Wei-Xin Han, Ze-Yan Zhao, Yuan-Yuan Li, Ming-Ming Zheng, Ya-Juan Liu, Li-Tian Yan

Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China.

Correspondence to: Prof. Jun-Ying He, Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road,
Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China. E-mail: hjy_zn@126.com
How to cite this article: Cui JZ, He JY, Li Q, Li XQ, Gao RP, Bu H, Zou YL, Guo XS, Han WX, Zhao ZY, Li YY, Zheng MM, Liu YJ, Yan LT.
Advancements in diagnosis and treatment of meningeal carcinomatosis in solid cancer. Neuroimmunol Neuroinflammation 2017;4:167-78.

Prof. Jun-Ying He is a director of Neurology at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, a chief
physician, and a postgraduate tutor. She also serves as deputy team leader for Infection and Cerebrospinal
Fluid Study Group in Neurology Branch of Chinese Medical Association. She has a deeper study on infectious
disease of central nervous system. The cytomorphology examination in cerebrospinal fluid she developed for the
diagnoses of meningeal carcinomatosis, achieves the domestic leading level. She has undertaken a number of
national and provincial research projects for the past years. She serves as editorial board member of Chinese
Journal of Brain and Neurological Diseases.
ABSTRACT

Article history: Meningeal carcinomatosis (MC) is a disease that malignant tumor cells cultivate in the
Received: 16 May 2017 cerebrospinal fluid or meninges. With the development of therapy methods and new
Accepted: 6 Jul 2017 techniques, survival time of patients with tumor is prolonged, and the incidence of MC is
Published: 18 Sep 2017 increasing. Diagnosis is based on the evaluation of clinical manifestations, cerebrospinal
fluid and neuroimaging findings. Furthermore, in recent years, the diagnostic value of the
Key words: tumor-derived cell-free DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is promising and may improve
Meningeal carcinomatosis, the diagnostic yield of CSF analysis. Traditional treatments of MC include surgery, radiation
diagnosis, therapy, systemic therapy, and intrathecal therapy. Recently, molecular targeted therapy and
treatment immunotherapy have received more and more attention. The authors review the epidemiology,
pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of MC in solid cancer, and discuss
the diagnosis and treatment options currently available as well as those under investigation.

INTRODUCTION spinal subarachnoid. [1-4] In 1870, Swiss pathologist
Eberth demonstrated the selective infiltration of
[5]
Meningeal carcinomatosis (MC), also called neoplastic carcinoma cells in the leptomeninges in an autopsy
meningitis is a disease in which intracranial primary case with lung cancer, while pathological anatomy
tumors or extracranial malignant tumors diffuse, revealed no inflammation in meninges. The term MC
disseminate or focally invade into the meninges and was proposed first to describe the clinical condition

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