Page 67 - Read Online

Masiero et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2022;6:4 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2021.104 Page 15 of 19

trials, female patients represent in general half of the patients treated with TAVI in clinical studies.

Nevertheless, the impact of sex in female patients with AS has not been still well evaluated and taken into
appropriate consideration. Clinical studies designed specifically on the peculiarities of female patients with
AS treated with TAVI are then warranted in order to tailor the treatment on those peculiarities.

Currently, the “Randomized researcH in womEn All Comers With Aortic Stenosis” trial is ongoing and
randomizing female patients with AS to receive either TAVI or aortic valve replacement indication for
AVR. The study assumes that from available scientific data in female patients, TAVI is not inferior to AVR
in the study primary end points.

DECLARATIONS
Authors’ contributions
Participated in drafting, revising and approval of the manuscript submitted: Masiero G, Paradies V,
Franzone A, Bellini B, De Biase C, Karam N, Sanguineti F, Eltchaninoff H, Fraccaro C, Chieffo A

Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.

Financial support and sponsorship
None.

Conflict of interest
All authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.

Consent for publication
Not applicable.

Copyright
© The Author(s) 2022.

REFERENCES
1. Garcia M, Mulvagh SL, Merz CN, Buring JE, Manson JE. Cardiovascular disease in women: clinical perspectives. Circ Res
2016;118:1273-93. DOI PubMed PMC
2. Calabrò P, Niccoli G, Gragnano F, et al; Working Group of Interventional Cardiology of the Italian Society of Cardiology. Are we
ready for a gender-specific approach in interventional cardiology? Int J Cardiol 2019;286:226-33. DOI PubMed
3. Iung B, Delgado V, Rosenhek R, et al; EORP VHD II Investigators. Contemporary presentation and management of valvular heart
disease: the EURObservational Research Programme Valvular Heart Disease II Survey. Circulation 2019;140:1156-69. DOI PubMed
4. Baumgartner H, Falk V, Bax JJ, et al; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2017 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular
heart disease. Eur Heart J 2017;38:2739-91. DOI PubMed
5. Virani SS, Alonso A, Benjamin EJ, et al; American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee
and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2020 update: a report from the American Heart Association.
Circulation 2020;141:e139-596. DOI PubMed
6. Shames S, Gillam LD. Sex differences in aortic valve calcification. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2013;6:8-10. DOI PubMed
7. Summerhill VI, Moschetta D, Orekhov AN, Poggio P, Myasoedova VA. Sex-specific features of calcific aorticvalve disease. Int J Mol
Sci 2020;21:5620. DOI
8. Chandrasekhar J, Dangas G, Mehran R. Valvular heart disease in women, differential remodeling, and response to new therapies. Curr
Treat Options Cardiovasc Med 2017;19:74. DOI PubMed
9. Cramariuc D, Rogge BP, Lønnebakken MT, et al. Sex differences in cardiovascular outcome during progression of aortic valve
stenosis. Heart 2015;101:209-14. DOI PubMed PMC