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Thinagaran et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2021;5:46 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2021.53 Page 13 of 18

Table 2. Perioperative and oncological outcomes
Positive
No. of male Duration of follow-
Ref. Year Complications surgical Survival rates
patients margins up (months)
Balbay et al. [21] 2020 18 Early - 9% (≥ Gr3) 13.6% CSS, OS & RFS at 2 years - 47.3
Late - 18% (≥ Gr3) 68.6%, 66.0% & 69.7%
[22]
Gok et al. 2019 92 Early - 20.4% 2% OS & CSS at 25 months - 27.1
(≥ Gr3) 20.4% & 13.3%
Late - 7.1% (≥ Gr3)
Liu et al. [23] 2019 12 None Nil ND 12
[24]
Zarranz et al. 2019 46 Transfusion 35% Nil PFS at 2 years 71% 24
Kwon et al. [25] 2018 40 ND ND OS & CSS at 5 years 86.7% 12
[39]
Palou et al. 2017 1 Ileus - 2 days ND 100% 7
Asimakopoulos et al. [17] 2016 40 Early - 30%, 2.5% 2.5% 1 death at 23 months 26.5
(≥ Gr3)
Late - 32.5%, 5%
(≥ Gr3)
[26]
Nyame et al. 2016 3 2 (66%) Gr2 Nil 100% 28.2
Colombo et al. [18] 2015 90 ND ND CSS - 92.2% 58
[19]
Jacobs et al. 2015 40 47.5% (≥ Gr3) 5% ND 38
[29]
Schwentner et al. 2015 50 25.8% (≥ Gr3) 6.4% CSS - 84% 30.3
OS - 71%
[28]
Menon et al. 2003 2 100% Gr1 ND ND 2.8
Krishnan et al. [30] 2014 3 ND Nil 100% ND
[38]
Tyritzis et al. 2013 62 At 90 days 58.5% 1.4% OS & CSS at 2 years - 88.9% 12
overall
37.1% (≥ Gr3)
Rey et al. [31] 2013 1 None Nil 100% 24
[32]
Boc et al. 2013 2 ND Nil 100% 6
[40]
Canda et al. 2012 25 Early - 16% (≥ Gr3) Nil CSS - 82.6%, OS - 78.26% 6.3
Late - 12% (≥ Gr3)
[33]
Jonsson et al. 2011 36 Early - 40% 2.78% 3 years CSS - 86% 25
Late - 33%
[34]
Akbulut et al. 2011 12 16.6% (≥ Gr3) Nil CSS - 72.72% 7.1
OS - 63.63%
[20]
Ong et al. 2010 31 ND 3.23% CSS - 96.77%, OS - 93.55% 18
Palou et al. [35] 2010 12 ND ND CSS - 91.67% 16.5
[36]
Murphy et al. 2008 23 26% overall Nil 1 metastatic death 17
ND: Not described; PFS: progression free survival; OS: overall survival; CSS: cancer specific survival.

DISCUSSION
Different approaches have been outlined for male NS RARC and this review details the perioperative,
[15]
oncological and functional outcomes (see Tables 1 and 2). Most series contain small numbers of patients
with largely retrospective data with the associated bias of selection. Mean follow up of 27.06 months (range
2.8-58 months) was noted over all in this review. Because of the heterogeneity of study design, technique,
definitions and measurements of continence and erectile function and surgeons and centres a meaningful
systematic analysis of functional outcomes is challenging.

Though there are differences in defining satisfactory erectile function most encompassing definition derived
from all the studies for the purposes of this review was taken as erectile function enough for penetrative sex
with or without PDE5i usage. In this review, 54.32% (range 9%-100%) of patients recovered satisfactory
erectile function in their post-operative follow up [13,17-38] . This is superior to the 12%-23.8% satisfactory
erectile function noted on patients who underwent a non-NS radical cystectomy [22,30] .