Page 82 - Read Online

Page 2 of 16 Nawrat. Mini-invasive Surg 2020;4:28 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2020.08

Information is processed during the work of the surgeon or via remote control. The effect of the operation
(achievement of the assumed goal) should be measurable and verifiable. Only then can it be used to
develop the standard of the service performed, lead to automation and the independence of medical robots
in the future.

The operation is part of the patient’s treatment strategy. Surgical planning provides a possible and effective
approach to use available resources (tools, team, equipment, biological or artificial materials) for the
creation of a specific impact (using physical, chemical, biological phenomena) on biological tissues.

The surgeon uses both conditioning and coordination of motor skills to process information during
the operation. The information obtained in the process of education and practice (optimized through
knowledge and experience), and diagnosis are provided by human senses.

INTELLIGENCE
Intelligence is the ability of humans to perceive, analyze and adapt to changes in the environment. The
ability to understand, learn and use knowledge and skills in different situations, intelligence is a feature of
the mind that is responsible for reacting appropriately to and solving problems using: understanding of
words, verbal fluency, numerical and spatial abilities, reasoning, memory and perception.

The space we live in is a space of information. For the doctor, the surgical field is also a space of information.
If we manage to digitize all images, physicochemical data, and the patient’s medical history in the
evaluation process, we can analyze this collection of information. If we can digitally describe the treatment
methods (the impact of drugs and surgical operations), we can then build a treatment model for a given
patient.

Intelligence - both natural and artificial - will be used to optimize the decision-making process for patients
in this multidimensional information space.

Artificial inteligence
In my opinion, artificial intelligence is a part of robotics. The source of the word robot is associated with
the figure of an artificial man introduced by the Czech Karel Čapek 100 years ago - R.U.R. Rossumovi
Univerzální Roboti (Rossum’s Universal Robots). Robotics is a technical discipline, which deals with the
synthesis of certain human functions through the use of mechanisms, sensors, executive assemblies and
computers. Because humans have a brain, artificial intelligence is an integral part of robotics.

Generally, artificial intelligence was created for communication between machinery and human intelligence.
The robot is an artificial man or part of a humanoid robot, artificial organs or artificial intelligence.

[3]
Kevin Warwick, known as the first human cyborg (after implanting an electronic interface) claims that
“where a brain is involved it must be seen as part of an overall system - adapting to the system’s needs”.
Warwick is a pioneer in studying the connection between the biological body and the robot.

Robots
The traditional definition of robot means artificial man. From this point of view, the robot should have
the ability to move (to perform mechanical work) and make decisions based on information provided by
its senses (intelligence). While many animals have these features as well, human beings also have, apart
from intelligence (which determines the correct response to stimuli), a reasoning mind, i.e., the ability
to use abstract objects (theory) for calculation, objectification, prevention, and planning. Man also has
consciousness.