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Matto et al. Mini-invasive Surg. 2025;9:19 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2025.51 Page 9 of 11

Table 1. Characteristics of patients undergoing RAMIE
Variable N (%) or median (p25, p75)
N 65
Age 67 (60,72)
BMI 28.2 (24.6, 31.9)
Clinical stage
I, IA, IB 4 (6.2)
II, IIA, IIB 13 (20.0)
III, IIIA, IIIB, IIIC 44 (67.7)
IV, IVA 4 (6.2)
Clinical T category
T1, T1a, T1b 4 (6.2)
T2 9 (13.9)
T3 51 (78.5)
T4, T4a, T4b 1 (1.5)
Charlson comorbidity index 1.0 (0, 1)
GERD
Yes 39 (60.0)
ASA score
2 5 (7.7)
3 56 (86.2)
4 4 (6.2)
Clinical N category
N0 19 (29.2)
N1 32 (49.2)
N2 11 (16.9)
N3 3 (4.6)
Neoadjuvant treatment
CRT 39 (60.0)
CT 16 (24.6)
None 10 (15.4)
Drug use
Never 62 (95.4)
Previously 1 (1.5)
Yes 2 (3.1)
Gender
Male 53 (81.5)
Family history
Yes 4 (6.2)
Smoking status
Never 14 (21.5)
Current 43 (66.2)
Past 8 (12.3)
Tumor type
Adenocarcinoma 56 (86.2)
Squamous cell carcinoma 9 (13.8)

RAMIE: Robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy; BMI: body mass index; GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease; ASA: American
Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification; CRT: chemoradiotherapy; CT: chemotherapy.